中(zhong)(zhong)華民族現(xian)代(dai)(dai)文(wen)明(ming)(ming)是(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)共產黨領導中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)人民探索(suo)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)式現(xian)代(dai)(dai)化道(dao)路(lu)過程中(zhong)(zhong)形成的,蘊(yun)含馬克思主(zhu)義魂(hun)脈、延續中(zhong)(zhong)華優秀傳統文(wen)化根脈的社會(hui)主(zhu)義現(xian)代(dai)(dai)文(wen)明(ming)(ming)新形態。中(zhong)(zhong)華民族現(xian)代(dai)(dai)文(wen)明(ming)(ming)展(zhan)(zhan)現(xian)出強(qiang)大的文(wen)明(ming)(ming)韌(ren)性、不竭的文(wen)明(ming)(ming)活力(li)和深厚的文(wen)明(ming)(ming)智慧(hui),為人類文(wen)明(ming)(ming)的生存(cun)發展(zhan)(zhan)貢獻了中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)智慧(hui)和中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)方案,推動了文(wen)明(ming)(ming)間交流(liu)互鑒、平等相待、和諧共存(cun)。
中華民族現代文明豐富了人類文明多樣性,創造了人類文明新形態。
近代(dai)以來,西方在(zai)全(quan)球推行其價值觀念、政治制度和(he)生活習俗,許多國家和(he)地區的(de)(de)本土文(wen)化、傳(chuan)統習俗和(he)語言被(bei)逐漸邊(bian)緣化,文(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)的(de)(de)獨立(li)性和(he)多元性受到沖(chong)擊(ji),全(quan)球文(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)面臨“同質化”危(wei)機。中(zhong)華(hua)文(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)以深厚的(de)(de)文(wen)化底蘊(yun)、包容開放的(de)(de)文(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)張(zhang)力和(he)創新的(de)(de)現(xian)代(dai)文(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)發展路徑,保持了文(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)的(de)(de)延(yan)續與發展,塑造了中(zhong)華(hua)民族現(xian)代(dai)文(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming),為維護和(he)豐富人類(lei)文(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)的(de)(de)多樣性作(zuo)出重(zhong)要貢(gong)獻。
中(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)(hua)民(min)(min)族現(xian)代(dai)(dai)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)是綿延五千年而未中(zhong)(zhong)斷的(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)(hua)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)的(de)(de)(de)現(xian)代(dai)(dai)形態(tai),體(ti)現(xian)了(le)(le)中(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)(hua)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)的(de)(de)(de)五個(ge)突(tu)(tu)出(chu)特(te)征(zheng),即突(tu)(tu)出(chu)的(de)(de)(de)連續性(xing)、突(tu)(tu)出(chu)的(de)(de)(de)創新(xin)性(xing)、突(tu)(tu)出(chu)的(de)(de)(de)統一性(xing)、突(tu)(tu)出(chu)的(de)(de)(de)包容性(xing)和(he)(he)突(tu)(tu)出(chu)的(de)(de)(de)和(he)(he)平性(xing)。中(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)(hua)民(min)(min)族現(xian)代(dai)(dai)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)是中(zhong)(zhong)國人民(min)(min)在中(zhong)(zhong)國共產黨領導下創造性(xing)轉(zhuan)化和(he)(he)創新(xin)性(xing)發(fa)展探索出(chu)的(de)(de)(de)社會主(zhu)義文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)新(xin)形態(tai),是物質(zhi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)、精神文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)、政(zheng)治文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)、社會文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)和(he)(he)生(sheng)態(tai)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)的(de)(de)(de)有機(ji)統一,是具有中(zhong)(zhong)國特(te)色與時(shi)代(dai)(dai)特(te)性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)社會主(zhu)義文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)樣(yang)態(tai)。這種人類文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)新(xin)形態(tai)豐(feng)富了(le)(le)世(shi)界文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)圖景,維護和(he)(he)發(fa)展了(le)(le)世(shi)界文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)多樣(yang)性(xing)。
中華民族現代文明提供了非西方現代文明的發展路徑,是維護人類文明多樣性的中堅力量。
中(zhong)華(hua)民族(zu)現(xian)(xian)代(dai)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)是現(xian)(xian)代(dai)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)演進(jin)和人類(lei)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)創新(xin)的(de)最新(xin)發(fa)展成果(guo),展現(xian)(xian)了與(yu)眾不(bu)同(tong)的(de)現(xian)(xian)代(dai)化發(fa)展路徑和發(fa)展形態。在中(zhong)國式(shi)現(xian)(xian)代(dai)化探索(suo)過程中(zhong)形成的(de)中(zhong)華(hua)民族(zu)現(xian)(xian)代(dai)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming),克(ke)服了西(xi)方現(xian)(xian)代(dai)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)發(fa)展的(de)弊病(bing)。中(zhong)華(hua)民族(zu)現(xian)(xian)代(dai)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)以人民中(zhong)心(xin)超越資本中(zhong)心(xin),以物質(zhi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)、精神文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)、政治文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)、社(she)會文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)和生態文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)的(de)有機統一超越片面發(fa)展經濟(ji)的(de)西(xi)方文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming),以和平發(fa)展超越掠奪(duo)擴張。這(zhe)打破了“現(xian)(xian)代(dai)化=西(xi)方化”的(de)論(lun)調(diao),為廣大發(fa)展中(zhong)國家的(de)現(xian)(xian)代(dai)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)建設提供(gong)了新(xin)的(de)選擇。
中華民族現(xian)代(dai)文明(ming)倡(chang)導包容精(jing)神、和(he)(he)合之道,主張(zhang)“和(he)(he)而(er)不同(tong)”,尊(zun)重文明(ming)差異(yi),堅持(chi)文明(ming)和(he)(he)諧共(gong)處(chu),展(zhan)現(xian)了海納百川、兼(jian)收(shou)并蓄的(de)文明(ming)胸懷。習近平總書記(ji)在(zai)紀念(nian)馬(ma)克思(si)誕辰200周年大會上引用《禮記(ji)》指出,萬物并育而(er)不相害(hai),道并行(xing)而(er)不相悖(bei)。中華民族現(xian)代(dai)文明(ming)不僅展(zhan)現(xian)了高度的(de)文明(ming)自(zi)覺(jue)和(he)(he)文明(ming)自(zi)信,也鼓勵世界各國增強文明(ming)自(zi)覺(jue),獨立探索符合自(zi)身文化底蘊的(de)文明(ming)發(fa)展(zhan)路徑,為世界進(jin)一步豐富了文明(ming)理(li)念(nian)的(de)內涵。
中華民族現代文明為人類文明發展貢獻了中國力量、中國智慧和中國方案。
中國(guo)(guo)是全(quan)球經濟增(zeng)長(chang)的(de)主要動力源和(he)助推器,積(ji)極推動共(gong)建(jian)“一(yi)(yi)帶(dai)一(yi)(yi)路(lu)”倡議在各區域落地生根(gen),加強與共(gong)建(jian)國(guo)(guo)家的(de)經濟合(he)作、技術交流、能(neng)源開(kai)發和(he)貿(mao)易往來。中國(guo)(guo)積(ji)極參(can)與全(quan)球氣候(hou)治(zhi)理(li),承諾(nuo)到2030年(nian)前達(da)到碳排放峰值(zhi),力爭(zheng)2060年(nian)實現(xian)碳中和(he),推廣綠(lv)色(se)低碳技術和(he)可持(chi)續能(neng)源,鼓勵各國(guo)(guo)加強合(he)作,共(gong)同應(ying)對氣候(hou)變(bian)化挑戰。中國(guo)(guo)積(ji)極維(wei)護世界和(he)平,倡導以和(he)平方(fang)式調(diao)解國(guo)(guo)際爭(zheng)端,積(ji)極參(can)與斡旋調(diao)解俄烏沖突,推動沙特和(he)伊朗(lang)和(he)解,是五(wu)大常任理(li)事國(guo)(guo)中派遣維(wei)和(he)人員最多的(de)國(guo)(guo)家。
中國(guo)(guo)基于中國(guo)(guo)式(shi)現(xian)代化的實踐提(ti)(ti)出(chu)全(quan)球(qiu)發(fa)(fa)展倡(chang)議(yi),主張發(fa)(fa)展優先和(he)行動(dong)導(dao)向,堅持(chi)創新(xin)驅動(dong)和(he)普惠包容,為(wei)緩解全(quan)球(qiu)發(fa)(fa)展不平(ping)衡、發(fa)(fa)展動(dong)力不足和(he)發(fa)(fa)展環境效益低等(deng)問(wen)題提(ti)(ti)供新(xin)思路。中國(guo)(guo)基于和(he)平(ping)發(fa)(fa)展理(li)(li)念提(ti)(ti)出(chu)全(quan)球(qiu)安(an)全(quan)倡(chang)議(yi),主張共同、綜合、合作、可持(chi)續(xu)的安(an)全(quan)觀,重視(shi)各國(guo)(guo)合理(li)(li)安(an)全(quan)關切(qie),為(wei)解決全(quan)球(qiu)安(an)全(quan)赤字(zi)、避免全(quan)球(qiu)安(an)全(quan)困(kun)境和(he)維護人(ren)類文(wen)(wen)明貢獻中國(guo)(guo)智慧。中國(guo)(guo)基于開放包容理(li)(li)念提(ti)(ti)出(chu)全(quan)球(qiu)文(wen)(wen)明倡(chang)議(yi),倡(chang)導(dao)尊(zun)重文(wen)(wen)明多樣性(xing),重視(shi)文(wen)(wen)明傳承和(he)創新(xin),為(wei)文(wen)(wen)明交流互(hu)鑒和(he)人(ren)類文(wen)(wen)明進步(bu)指明正(zheng)確方向。
在經濟(ji)(ji)社(she)(she)會(hui)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)方(fang)(fang)面,中(zhong)國(guo)通過改革開放實現經濟(ji)(ji)快速(su)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan),促使數億人(ren)口成功(gong)脫貧。中(zhong)國(guo)推廣(guang)“精準(zhun)扶(fu)貧”模式,強調因地制宜(yi)、分類指(zhi)導、精準(zhun)施策,確保有效利用扶(fu)貧資源。中(zhong)國(guo)在2020年消除(chu)了絕對(dui)貧困(kun)和(he)區域(yu)性整體貧困(kun),為人(ren)類減(jian)貧貢獻(xian)了中(zhong)國(guo)經驗。在國(guo)際金融(rong)治理方(fang)(fang)面,中(zhong)國(guo)牽頭建(jian)立(li)金磚國(guo)家新開發(fa)(fa)銀行和(he)亞洲基(ji)礎設施投資銀行,完善世界金融(rong)機制。中(zhong)國(guo)設立(li)全(quan)球發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)和(he)南(nan)南(nan)合作基(ji)金,支(zhi)持發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)中(zhong)國(guo)家可持續(xu)的高質量發(fa)(fa)展(zhan),為推動南(nan)南(nan)合作和(he)人(ren)類經濟(ji)(ji)社(she)(she)會(hui)可持續(xu)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)貢獻(xian)中(zhong)國(guo)方(fang)(fang)案。
中華民族現代文明探索了文明互動新方式,倡導文明平等相待、交流對話、和諧共處,避免文明沖突對抗。
人(ren)類文(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)的(de)(de)正向互動(dong)有助于(yu)發(fa)展人(ren)類文(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)新(xin)形態。近千年來,人(ren)類文(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)在(zai)戰爭沖(chong)突(tu)與(yu)矛(mao)盾對抗中(zhong)跌(die)宕走過(guo),探索(suo)(suo)一種和(he)平(ping)與(yu)平(ping)等的(de)(de)文(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)互動(dong)方式至關重要。中(zhong)華民族現(xian)代文(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)倡導文(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)間(jian)平(ping)等相待、交流互鑒與(yu)和(he)諧(xie)(xie)共處(chu),倡導構(gou)建人(ren)類命(ming)運共同體(ti),這(zhe)些(xie)主張(zhang)探索(suo)(suo)了和(he)平(ping)發(fa)展、和(he)諧(xie)(xie)共存的(de)(de)文(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)互動(dong)方式,體(ti)現(xian)了文(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)互動(dong)方式的(de)(de)創新(xin)理念。
中華民族(zu)現(xian)代(dai)文(wen)(wen)明(ming)堅持所(suo)有(you)文(wen)(wen)明(ming)無高低(di)優(you)劣之分,每種文(wen)(wen)明(ming)都(dou)植(zhi)根于自身(shen)獨(du)特(te)的生存土(tu)壤和(he)(he)歷史文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua),都(dou)應得到平(ping)等(deng)的尊重(zhong)和(he)(he)保護(hu)。習近(jin)平(ping)主席在亞洲(zhou)文(wen)(wen)明(ming)對話大會開幕(mu)式(shi)上(shang)指出,人類只(zhi)有(you)膚色語言之別,文(wen)(wen)明(ming)只(zhi)有(you)姹紫(zi)嫣(yan)紅之別,但(dan)絕無高低(di)優(you)劣之分。中華民族(zu)現(xian)代(dai)文(wen)(wen)明(ming)倡導不(bu)同(tong)文(wen)(wen)明(ming)相互尊重(zhong)、平(ping)等(deng)相待(dai),尊重(zhong)世界各文(wen)(wen)明(ming)的文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)傳統(tong)、價值理念和(he)(he)社會生活(huo)習慣,從不(bu)試圖改造或取(qu)代(dai)其他文(wen)(wen)明(ming),也(ye)不(bu)會將自身(shen)文(wen)(wen)明(ming)理念強加(jia)給(gei)其他文(wen)(wen)明(ming),這破解(jie)了(le)“西(xi)方(fang)中心論”和(he)(he)“文(wen)(wen)明(ming)優(you)越論”。
中(zhong)華(hua)民族現代(dai)文(wen)(wen)(wen)明認為,堅持文(wen)(wen)(wen)明的(de)(de)交(jiao)流互(hu)鑒和(he)對話合(he)作(zuo)有助于促(cu)進文(wen)(wen)(wen)明間相(xiang)(xiang)互(hu)理解尊重(zhong)、減少文(wen)(wen)(wen)明間隔閡以及促(cu)進文(wen)(wen)(wen)明共同發展。習近平主(zhu)席指出,只有同其他文(wen)(wen)(wen)明交(jiao)流互(hu)鑒、取(qu)長補(bu)短,才能保持旺盛(sheng)生命活力。中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)探討構(gou)建全球文(wen)(wen)(wen)明對話合(he)作(zuo)網絡,積極開展與(yu)各國(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)人(ren)文(wen)(wen)(wen)交(jiao)流和(he)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化合(he)作(zuo),在全球積極宣傳中(zhong)華(hua)文(wen)(wen)(wen)明和(he)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化,推動(dong)中(zhong)華(hua)民族現代(dai)文(wen)(wen)(wen)明與(yu)世界各文(wen)(wen)(wen)明間的(de)(de)人(ren)文(wen)(wen)(wen)交(jiao)流、文(wen)(wen)(wen)化交(jiao)融(rong)和(he)民心相(xiang)(xiang)通(tong)。
中(zhong)華(hua)民族是熱愛和(he)(he)平的(de)民族,中(zhong)華(hua)民族現(xian)代文(wen)(wen)明(ming)蘊含和(he)(he)平基因(yin)。中(zhong)國主張多元(yuan)文(wen)(wen)明(ming)的(de)共生共存,倡導(dao)用和(he)(he)平方式解決國際(ji)爭(zheng)端和(he)(he)文(wen)(wen)明(ming)矛盾。中(zhong)華(hua)民族現(xian)代文(wen)(wen)明(ming)堅持文(wen)(wen)明(ming)和(he)(he)而(er)不同(tong)、和(he)(he)衷共濟、美美與共、天下(xia)大同(tong),展(zhan)現(xian)出“有容乃大”的(de)開放包容精神和(he)(he)寬廣文(wen)(wen)明(ming)胸懷。中(zhong)國認(ren)為人類文(wen)(wen)明(ming)多元(yuan)一體、命運(yun)(yun)與共,推動全(quan)球文(wen)(wen)明(ming)和(he)(he)諧共處,倡導(dao)建(jian)設持久和(he)(he)平、普遍(bian)安(an)全(quan)、共同(tong)繁榮、開放包容、清潔美麗的(de)世(shi)界,積極(ji)推動構建(jian)人類命運(yun)(yun)共同(tong)體。
(作者:呂 虹,系中共山東省委黨校[山東行政學院]教授)