2022年10月，習近平總書記在河南安陽考察時明確提出“建設中華民族現代文明”的重大命題。2023年6月，在文化傳承發展座談會上，習近平總書記明確將其歸入新時代新的文化使命之中，強調了這一命題的重大價值。可以說，“建設中華民族現代文明”的提出，不僅包含對中國特色社會主義文化建設目標的戰略闡明，而且凝結著對中國未來發展走向的整體思考，具有恢宏而深刻的時代意義。新時代新征程，建設中華民族現代文明，需要把握以下四個維度。

1、在政黨引領和人民參與的密切聯動中激活文明主體

作為(wei)人(ren)(ren)類(lei)生存狀態(tai)的(de)總體(ti)(ti)反(fan)映，文(wen)(wen)明(ming)生成于人(ren)(ren)類(lei)社會發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)歷史進(jin)程之中，為(wei)人(ren)(ren)的(de)實踐(jian)活動所創(chuang)造。人(ren)(ren)們(men)認識世(shi)界和(he)改造世(shi)界的(de)主(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)(ti)性活動，在(zai)(zai)賦予文(wen)(wen)明(ming)存在(zai)(zai)依(yi)據(ju)的(de)同(tong)(tong)時，也蘊含(han)著(zhu)(zhu)文(wen)(wen)明(ming)進(jin)步的(de)根本動力(li)。文(wen)(wen)明(ming)只有(you)在(zai)(zai)人(ren)(ren)類(lei)主(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)(ti)力(li)量的(de)推動下才能不斷前進(jin)。隨著(zhu)(zhu)現代政(zheng)黨(dang)組織成為(wei)社會成員表達利(li)益(yi)訴求的(de)穩定載(zai)體(ti)(ti)，民族國(guo)家的(de)文(wen)(wen)明(ming)發(fa)展(zhan)愈發(fa)呈現為(wei)政(zheng)黨(dang)統領(ling)大眾進(jin)行(xing)的(de)文(wen)(wen)明(ming)創(chuang)造。在(zai)(zai)這種“政(zheng)黨(dang)—大眾”的(de)實踐(jian)互動中，中華民族現代文(wen)(wen)明(ming)建設是中國(guo)共產黨(dang)與中國(guo)人(ren)(ren)民共同(tong)(tong)奮斗的(de)主(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)(ti)實踐(jian)。

一(yi)方(fang)面，建設中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)(hua)民(min)族(zu)現代文(wen)明必須(xu)堅持中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國共(gong)產(chan)(chan)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)領導(dao)。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國共(gong)產(chan)(chan)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)作(zuo)(zuo)為誕(dan)生于中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)(hua)大地的(de)(de)馬克思主(zhu)義政黨(dang)(dang)(dang)，既(ji)把實現共(gong)產(chan)(chan)主(zhu)義作(zuo)(zuo)為最高理想，又始終恪守中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)(hua)民(min)族(zu)的(de)(de)主(zhu)體性立(li)場，這保證了其(qi)始終代表中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)(hua)民(min)族(zu)現代文(wen)明的(de)(de)前進(jin)方(fang)向。推進(jin)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)(hua)民(min)族(zu)現代文(wen)明建設，必須(xu)堅持并加強(qiang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國共(gong)產(chan)(chan)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)領導(dao)，發揮黨(dang)(dang)(dang)總攬全局、協調各方(fang)的(de)(de)領導(dao)核心作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)，確(que)保黨(dang)(dang)(dang)統籌謀劃中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)(hua)民(min)族(zu)現代文(wen)明的(de)(de)整體方(fang)向和工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)部署。

另一方面(mian)，建(jian)設(she)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華民(min)族(zu)現代(dai)文明必(bi)須發揮人(ren)民(min)群眾(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)體(ti)作用(yong)。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華民(min)族(zu)現代(dai)文明建(jian)設(she)必(bi)須始終圍繞“中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國人(ren)民(min)”這一主(zhu)體(ti)展(zhan)開——既要(yao)突出人(ren)民(min)的(de)(de)(de)“價值(zhi)主(zhu)體(ti)”地位(wei)，以人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)自(zi)由全面(mian)發展(zhan)為(wei)根本(ben)目標(biao)，詮釋好文明本(ben)身的(de)(de)(de)“人(ren)本(ben)”意蘊；又要(yao)發揮人(ren)民(min)的(de)(de)(de)“動(dong)力主(zhu)體(ti)”作用(yong)，凝(ning)聚人(ren)民(min)群眾(zhong)創造歷史的(de)(de)(de)變革性力量，釋放(fang)出文明進步的(de)(de)(de)根本(ben)動(dong)力，使(shi)之成(cheng)為(wei)民(min)心所向、民(min)意所愿、民(min)力所為(wei)的(de)(de)(de)偉大事(shi)業。

中國(guo)共(gong)產黨(dang)作為無產階級的(de)(de)(de)(de)先進(jin)代(dai)(dai)表，始終(zhong)代(dai)(dai)表最廣大人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)根(gen)本利(li)(li)益(yi)，沒(mei)有自(zi)己(ji)特殊的(de)(de)(de)(de)利(li)(li)益(yi)。根(gen)本利(li)(li)益(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)一致性(xing)決定了中國(guo)共(gong)產黨(dang)同人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)群(qun)眾(zhong)本源相通(tong)，也決定了二者共(gong)同的(de)(de)(de)(de)文(wen)明(ming)追求。新征程上繼續推進(jin)中華(hua)民(min)(min)族現(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)文(wen)明(ming)建設，在(zai)堅持(chi)和(he)加(jia)強中國(guo)共(gong)產黨(dang)領導的(de)(de)(de)(de)同時，必須把厚植黨(dang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)情懷(huai)、夯實黨(dang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)立場(chang)貫穿其中，在(zai)具體(ti)實踐中充分(fen)尊重人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)群(qun)眾(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)體(ti)地位(wei)，充分(fen)發(fa)揮人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)群(qun)眾(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)創(chuang)造活(huo)力，從而實現(xian)(xian)(xian)政黨(dang)引(yin)領與人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)參(can)與的(de)(de)(de)(de)緊密聯動，不(bu)斷激活(huo)建設中華(hua)民(min)(min)族現(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)文(wen)明(ming)的(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)體(ti)力量。

2、在繼承傳統與面向現代的守正創新中厚植文明底蘊

文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)既(ji)(ji)依賴特定時(shi)空場域下(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)創(chuang)造，又需要以往文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)成果的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)持續累積。只有(you)在(zai)歷史與(yu)現(xian)(xian)(xian)實的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)更(geng)迭交(jiao)替、交(jiao)融(rong)貫(guan)通中(zhong)(zhong)，文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)才能獲得深(shen)厚的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)積淀和深(shen)刻(ke)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)代(dai)(dai)意(yi)涵，從而(er)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)現(xian)(xian)(xian)出(chu)厚重的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)底(di)蘊。現(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)不僅直接(jie)表現(xian)(xian)(xian)為社會(hui)整(zheng)體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)提升，而(er)且從更(geng)深(shen)層次上體(ti)現(xian)(xian)(xian)為傳統(tong)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)進階。可以說，一(yi)個國家的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)不是(shi)(shi)憑空捏造的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，而(er)是(shi)(shi)在(zai)歷史傳統(tong)基(ji)礎(chu)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)繼承與(yu)創(chuang)新(xin)，其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)既(ji)(ji)需要克服現(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)對(dui)傳統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)排斥(chi)，又需要促成傳統(tong)向現(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)轉型，具(ju)有(you)鮮明(ming)(ming)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)守(shou)正創(chuang)新(xin)意(yi)蘊。中(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)民族現(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)“是(shi)(shi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)更(geng)新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)結果，不是(shi)(shi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)斷(duan)裂(lie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)物”。只有(you)立足傳統(tong)向現(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)視域轉換，把(ba)握好中(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)由古向今(jin)發展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)接(jie)續性特征，才能更(geng)好地建設中(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)民族現(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)。

一方(fang)面，建設(she)(she)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)(hua)民(min)(min)族現代(dai)文(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)必須繼(ji)承中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)(hua)傳(chuan)統文(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)的文(wen)(wen)化(hua)精粹。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)(hua)優秀傳(chuan)統文(wen)(wen)化(hua)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)積淀(dian)著中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)(hua)文(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)的文(wen)(wen)化(hua)精粹，不僅作(zuo)為“獨特的精神標識”“中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)(hua)民(min)(min)族的根和魂”表征中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)(hua)民(min)(min)族的主體(ti)性(xing)特征，還蘊含著適用于當(dang)代(dai)社會發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)的優秀基因，為中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)(hua)民(min)(min)族生生不息、發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)壯大提供了豐厚滋養。在新的歷史起(qi)點上建設(she)(she)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)(hua)民(min)(min)族現代(dai)文(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)，必須對中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)(hua)五千多年(nian)文(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)寶庫進(jin)行(xing)全面挖掘和系統梳理，有鑒別地(di)加以(yi)對待，有揚(yang)棄地(di)予以(yi)繼(ji)承，推(tui)動中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)(hua)優秀傳(chuan)統文(wen)(wen)化(hua)創造(zao)性(xing)轉化(hua)、創新性(xing)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)，從而實現中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)(hua)傳(chuan)統文(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)的時代(dai)賡續。

另一方面，建設中(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)(hua)民族現(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)文(wen)明(ming)(ming)必須遵循中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)社(she)會發(fa)展的(de)(de)(de)(de)現(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)化(hua)要求。現(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)文(wen)明(ming)(ming)建設并非傳統文(wen)明(ming)(ming)在現(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)語境下簡(jian)單的(de)(de)(de)(de)“返本開新”，而是對文(wen)明(ming)(ming)發(fa)展進(jin)行根源性(xing)重塑。中(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)(hua)民族現(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)文(wen)明(ming)(ming)正(zheng)是中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)式(shi)現(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)化(hua)發(fa)展到特定階段的(de)(de)(de)(de)文(wen)明(ming)(ming)表達，是對中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)式(shi)現(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)化(hua)人文(wen)屬(shu)性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)系(xi)統總結(jie)和(he)凝練。因此，必須把中(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)(hua)民族現(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)文(wen)明(ming)(ming)建設匯入中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)式(shi)現(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)化(hua)偉(wei)大實踐中(zhong)(zhong)，依托(tuo)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)式(shi)現(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)宏(hong)闊主題和(he)豐(feng)富實踐，借(jie)力中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)式(shi)現(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)智慧結(jie)晶和(he)偉(wei)大成就(jiu)，豐(feng)富中(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)(hua)民族現(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)文(wen)明(ming)(ming)建設的(de)(de)(de)(de)要素與內容，以此實現(xian)(xian)(xian)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)社(she)會發(fa)展文(wen)明(ming)(ming)程度的(de)(de)(de)(de)提高。

總之，中華(hua)(hua)民族(zu)(zu)現代(dai)(dai)文(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)既扎根于(yu)中華(hua)(hua)優秀(xiu)傳(chuan)(chuan)統(tong)文(wen)化(hua)的(de)(de)沃土(tu)，又生發于(yu)中國式現代(dai)(dai)化(hua)的(de)(de)歷史(shi)進程，是(shi)傳(chuan)(chuan)統(tong)與現代(dai)(dai)深度融合、有(you)機貫通(tong)的(de)(de)產物。建設(she)中華(hua)(hua)民族(zu)(zu)現代(dai)(dai)文(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)，必須(xu)把握傳(chuan)(chuan)統(tong)文(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)現代(dai)(dai)化(hua)和(he)(he)現代(dai)(dai)文(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)民族(zu)(zu)化(hua)的(de)(de)雙重要(yao)(yao)求，既要(yao)(yao)通(tong)過傳(chuan)(chuan)統(tong)文(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)的(de)(de)承繼筑牢(lao)現代(dai)(dai)文(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)的(de)(de)民族(zu)(zu)根基和(he)(he)群(qun)眾基礎，又要(yao)(yao)著眼現代(dai)(dai)文(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)的(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)求賦予(yu)傳(chuan)(chuan)統(tong)文(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)以現代(dai)(dai)活力和(he)(he)現代(dai)(dai)形態，使之重煥榮(rong)光，最終在繼承傳(chuan)(chuan)統(tong)與面向當代(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)有(you)機統(tong)一中，以古人之規矩，開自己(ji)之生面。

3、在物質富足與精神富有的協同共進中塑造文明樣態

一定的(de)(de)社會(hui)文(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)形態標志(zhi)著社會(hui)發(fa)(fa)展的(de)(de)一定歷史階段，并且(qie)由代表(biao)這個階段的(de)(de)物(wu)質(zhi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)和(he)精神文(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)共同(tong)構成(cheng)。其中(zhong)，物(wu)質(zhi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)建立在人類物(wu)質(zhi)生(sheng)產和(he)物(wu)質(zhi)交往的(de)(de)基(ji)礎之上，體(ti)現為(wei)社會(hui)生(sheng)產力(li)的(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展水平以(yi)及(ji)人的(de)(de)物(wu)質(zhi)生(sheng)活豐(feng)富程度；精神文(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)作(zuo)為(wei)人類建構哲學、文(wen)(wen)(wen)學、藝術、道德(de)等全(quan)(quan)部精神成(cheng)果(guo)的(de)(de)總和(he)，表(biao)征著人們精神生(sheng)產、精神生(sheng)活的(de)(de)進(jin)步狀態。二者相(xiang)互作(zuo)用(yong)、互促互進(jin)，共同(tong)勾畫(hua)人類文(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)的(de)(de)基(ji)本樣(yang)貌(mao)。習(xi)近(jin)平總書(shu)記指出(chu)，“國家強盛、民族復(fu)興需要物(wu)質(zhi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)的(de)(de)積(ji)累(lei)，更需要精神文(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)的(de)(de)升(sheng)華”。建設中(zhong)華民族現代文(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)，需要“以(yi)辯證(zheng)的(de)(de)、全(quan)(quan)面的(de)(de)、平衡(heng)的(de)(de)觀點正確處(chu)理物(wu)質(zhi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)和(he)精神文(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)的(de)(de)關系(xi)”。

一(yi)方面，建設中華(hua)民(min)(min)族現(xian)代文(wen)明(ming)(ming)必須(xu)以(yi)物(wu)(wu)質文(wen)明(ming)(ming)建設為現(xian)實支撐。馬克思指出，“物(wu)(wu)質生(sheng)活(huo)的生(sheng)產(chan)方式制約著(zhu)整個社(she)會(hui)生(sheng)活(huo)、政治生(sheng)活(huo)和精神生(sheng)活(huo)的過(guo)程(cheng)”。人類文(wen)明(ming)(ming)發展的關(guan)鍵在于物(wu)(wu)質文(wen)明(ming)(ming)的興盛，物(wu)(wu)質文(wen)明(ming)(ming)建設是人類文(wen)明(ming)(ming)進(jin)步的第一(yi)動力(li)和直觀表現(xian)。建設中華(hua)民(min)(min)族現(xian)代文(wen)明(ming)(ming)，必須(xu)堅持以(yi)經(jing)濟建設為中心，大(da)力(li)解放和發展生(sheng)產(chan)力(li)，創造更多的物(wu)(wu)質財(cai)富(fu)，進(jin)而筑(zhu)牢(lao)國家繁榮富(fu)強、人民(min)(min)幸福(fu)安康、社(she)會(hui)和諧穩定的基(ji)石。

另一方面，建設(she)中(zhong)華民(min)(min)族(zu)現(xian)(xian)代文(wen)(wen)(wen)明必(bi)須以精(jing)神(shen)(shen)(shen)文(wen)(wen)(wen)明建設(she)為思(si)想保障(zhang)。雖然物質文(wen)(wen)(wen)明為精(jing)神(shen)(shen)(shen)文(wen)(wen)(wen)明提(ti)(ti)供(gong)了存(cun)在(zai)條件和現(xian)(xian)實(shi)基礎(chu)，但人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)物質生產活動也受到人(ren)類構建的(de)(de)(de)“意(yi)義世界”的(de)(de)(de)影響。新征程上加強精(jing)神(shen)(shen)(shen)文(wen)(wen)(wen)明建設(she)，既(ji)要(yao)重視防止(zhi)和克服精(jing)神(shen)(shen)(shen)世界中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)消(xiao)極因素，構建群眾(zhong)廣泛(fan)認(ren)可并積極踐行的(de)(de)(de)價值觀念，又要(yao)堅持豐(feng)富(fu)人(ren)民(min)(min)精(jing)神(shen)(shen)(shen)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化生活，提(ti)(ti)供(gong)更(geng)多更(geng)好的(de)(de)(de)精(jing)神(shen)(shen)(shen)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化產品，不斷(duan)滿(man)足人(ren)民(min)(min)多層次、多樣化的(de)(de)(de)精(jing)神(shen)(shen)(shen)需求，為實(shi)現(xian)(xian)中(zhong)華民(min)(min)族(zu)偉(wei)大復興提(ti)(ti)供(gong)堅強思(si)想保證、豐(feng)潤道(dao)德滋(zi)養、強大精(jing)神(shen)(shen)(shen)力量。

物(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)文(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)與(yu)精神(shen)(shen)文(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)不是割裂的(de)(de)，物(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)文(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)的(de)(de)創(chuang)造(zao)需(xu)要精神(shen)(shen)文(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)的(de)(de)指導和推動，精神(shen)(shen)文(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)的(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)現則需(xu)要以物(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)文(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)為載(zai)體(ti)和條件(jian)。恩(en)格(ge)斯提出，實(shi)(shi)現人(ren)的(de)(de)自由而全面發(fa)展，既要創(chuang)造(zao)“富足的(de)(de)和一天比一天充裕的(de)(de)物(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)生活”，又(you)要使人(ren)有(you)“充分(fen)的(de)(de)閑(xian)暇時(shi)間去獲(huo)得歷史上(shang)遺(yi)留下來的(de)(de)文(wen)化”，實(shi)(shi)現精神(shen)(shen)上(shang)的(de)(de)愉悅。只有(you)實(shi)(shi)現物(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)文(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)和精神(shen)(shen)文(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)的(de)(de)雙重繁(fan)榮、相得益(yi)彰，才(cai)能彰顯(xian)文(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)發(fa)展的(de)(de)進(jin)步意義(yi)。

4、在立足本土與放眼世界的交流互鑒中拓展文明前景

馬克(ke)思指(zhi)出，“某一(yi)個(ge)(ge)地域創造出來的(de)生(sheng)產力，特別(bie)是(shi)(shi)(shi)發(fa)明，在(zai)往后的(de)發(fa)展(zhan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)是(shi)(shi)(shi)否會(hui)失(shi)傳，完全取決于(yu)交(jiao)往擴展(zhan)的(de)情況”。任何(he)(he)文(wen)(wen)(wen)明都(dou)不(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)孤(gu)立(li)存在(zai)的(de)，總是(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)與不(bu)(bu)同文(wen)(wen)(wen)明的(de)交(jiao)往中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)豐富完善。交(jiao)往的(de)開(kai)(kai)放性水(shui)平往往是(shi)(shi)(shi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)明發(fa)達程度的(de)重要(yao)(yao)表征。各民(min)族(zu)國(guo)家通(tong)過文(wen)(wen)(wen)明交(jiao)往，不(bu)(bu)但(dan)進行了文(wen)(wen)(wen)明間(jian)的(de)相互補充和借鑒(jian)，也在(zai)實(shi)際互動(dong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)實(shi)現了文(wen)(wen)(wen)明成(cheng)果(guo)的(de)對外傳播。習近平總書記指(zhi)出：“任何(he)(he)一(yi)種文(wen)(wen)(wen)明，不(bu)(bu)管它產生(sheng)于(yu)哪個(ge)(ge)國(guo)家、哪個(ge)(ge)民(min)族(zu)的(de)社會(hui)土壤之中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，都(dou)是(shi)(shi)(shi)流動(dong)的(de)、開(kai)(kai)放的(de)。這(zhe)是(shi)(shi)(shi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)明傳播和發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)一(yi)條重要(yao)(yao)規(gui)律。”中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)在(zai)國(guo)際上的(de)作(zuo)用和地位愈(yu)加重要(yao)(yao)，客(ke)觀規(gui)定(ding)了中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華民(min)族(zu)現代文(wen)(wen)(wen)明立(li)足(zu)本土又放眼世界的(de)實(shi)踐取向。

一方(fang)面，建設(she)中華民族現代文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)必須(xu)以(yi)吸收(shou)世界優(you)秀文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)成果為(wei)重(zhong)要補(bu)充。人類文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)發展(zhan)史表明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)，任(ren)何文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)的(de)源遠流長、蓬勃(bo)發展(zhan)都離不(bu)(bu)開對(dui)其(qi)他文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)的(de)兼收(shou)并(bing)蓄(xu)、博(bo)采眾(zhong)長。建設(she)中華民族現代文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)，必須(xu)繼續(xu)秉(bing)持開放(fang)包容、兼容并(bing)蓄(xu)的(de)胸懷，“在獨立自主的(de)立場上(shang)把他人的(de)好(hao)東西加以(yi)消化吸收(shou)”。每(mei)一種文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)都有(you)適合其(qi)生(sheng)存發展(zhan)的(de)歷史文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化土壤(rang)，沒(mei)有(you)原則地(di)生(sheng)搬(ban)硬套注(zhu)定會導致文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)交流中的(de)“水土不(bu)(bu)服”，破壞原有(you)的(de)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)生(sheng)態。因此(ci)，借鑒(jian)吸收(shou)其(qi)他文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)優(you)秀成果決(jue)不(bu)(bu)能囫圇(lun)吞棗、采取拿來主義，而是要對(dui)其(qi)進行批(pi)判性(xing)的(de)借鑒(jian)和揚棄性(xing)的(de)吸收(shou)，最(zui)終實現“為(wei)我所用”。

另(ling)一(yi)方面，建設中(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)民(min)族現代文(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)必須以推動人類文(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)進步為目標取向(xiang)。文(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)不(bu)(bu)僅蘊(yun)涵著關乎本民(min)族前(qian)途命運的特殊性價值，還具有應(ying)對(dui)人類發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)難題的普遍性意(yi)義(yi)。建設中(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)民(min)族現代文(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)并不(bu)(bu)是要一(yi)枝(zhi)獨秀、孤芳自賞，而(er)是要融入世界(jie)文(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)譜(pu)系，為整個人類的發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)作出(chu)貢獻(xian)。習近平總書記指出(chu)，“我(wo)們既要讓(rang)本國文(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)充滿勃勃生機，又(you)要為他國文(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)創造條件，讓(rang)世界(jie)文(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)百花(hua)園(yuan)群芳競艷”。建設中(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)民(min)族現代文(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)，必須厚植世界(jie)情(qing)懷，展(zhan)現大國擔當，積(ji)極(ji)回應(ying)各國人民(min)的普遍關切，不(bu)(bu)斷為人類文(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)貢獻(xian)中(zhong)(zhong)國智(zhi)慧、中(zhong)(zhong)國方案、中(zhong)(zhong)國力(li)量。

建(jian)設中(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)民(min)(min)族(zu)現代(dai)(dai)(dai)文(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)，既是(shi)(shi)為了在(zai)(zai)民(min)(min)族(zu)地域內創(chuang)造(zao)(zao)一(yi)(yi)種豐富(fu)社會成員美好生(sheng)活、升華(hua)人(ren)(ren)(ren)的價(jia)值愿景的現代(dai)(dai)(dai)文(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)，也是(shi)(shi)為了在(zai)(zai)當代(dai)(dai)(dai)境遇(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)創(chuang)造(zao)(zao)一(yi)(yi)種具(ju)有(you)高度文(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)水準(zhun)、超(chao)(chao)越固有(you)模式(shi)且代(dai)(dai)(dai)表人(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)文(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)走向(xiang)的新(xin)(xin)型文(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)，因而具(ju)有(you)民(min)(min)族(zu)復興和(he)造(zao)(zao)福人(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)的雙重意(yi)蘊。可(ke)以說，建(jian)設中(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)民(min)(min)族(zu)現代(dai)(dai)(dai)文(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)，既是(shi)(shi)對(dui)中(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)民(min)(min)族(zu)文(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)發展(zhan)的歷史(shi)賡(geng)續，又是(shi)(shi)對(dui)人(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)文(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)發展(zhan)的時代(dai)(dai)(dai)書(shu)寫，最(zui)終目(mu)(mu)的在(zai)(zai)于創(chuang)造(zao)(zao)一(yi)(yi)種人(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)文(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)新(xin)(xin)形(xing)態(tai)。中(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)民(min)(min)族(zu)現代(dai)(dai)(dai)文(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)生(sheng)成與(yu)(yu)演(yan)進中(zhong)(zhong)呈現的獨特規律，正(zheng)是(shi)(shi)其得(de)以實(shi)現文(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)進步和(he)文(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)超(chao)(chao)越的優勢(shi)所(suo)在(zai)(zai)、底氣所(suo)在(zai)(zai)。在(zai)(zai)新(xin)(xin)的歷史(shi)起點上(shang)建(jian)設中(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)民(min)(min)族(zu)現代(dai)(dai)(dai)文(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)，必(bi)須(xu)著眼于實(shi)現中(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)民(min)(min)族(zu)偉大復興和(he)創(chuang)造(zao)(zao)人(ren)(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)文(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)新(xin)(xin)形(xing)態(tai)的目(mu)(mu)標要求(qiu)，堅持(chi)黨的領導與(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)參與(yu)(yu)的緊密(mi)聯動，堅持(chi)繼承傳統與(yu)(yu)面向(xiang)當代(dai)(dai)(dai)的守正(zheng)創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)，堅持(chi)物(wu)質富(fu)足與(yu)(yu)精(jing)神富(fu)有(you)的協(xie)同共進，堅持(chi)立足本土與(yu)(yu)放眼世界的交流互(hu)鑒，從而不斷(duan)書(shu)寫中(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)文(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)發展(zhan)的輝煌與(yu)(yu)榮光。

（作者：張士海，系山東大學馬克思主義學院院長、山東省習近平新時代中國特色社會主義思想研究中心特約研究員）