人(ren)(ren)工智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)是(shi)人(ren)(ren)類(lei)發展(zhan)新領域(yu)。當(dang)前，全球人(ren)(ren)工智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)技(ji)術(shu)快速發展(zhan)，對經濟(ji)社會發展(zhan)和人(ren)(ren)類(lei)文明進步產生(sheng)深遠影響，給世(shi)(shi)界(jie)帶(dai)來巨大機遇(yu)。與(yu)此同時，人(ren)(ren)工智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)技(ji)術(shu)也帶(dai)來難(nan)以預(yu)知(zhi)的各種(zhong)風險和復雜挑戰。人(ren)(ren)工智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)治理(li)攸關全人(ren)(ren)類(lei)命運，是(shi)世(shi)(shi)界(jie)各國(guo)面臨的共同課(ke)題。

在(zai)世界(jie)和平(ping)與(yu)發展面臨多元挑戰的(de)(de)背景下，各國應秉持共(gong)同、綜合、合作(zuo)、可持續的(de)(de)安(an)全(quan)觀，堅持發展和安(an)全(quan)并重的(de)(de)原則(ze)，通過(guo)對話與(yu)合作(zuo)凝聚共(gong)識，構(gou)建開放、公正、有效的(de)(de)治理機制，促進(jin)人工智(zhi)能技術造福于(yu)人類，推動構(gou)建人類命運(yun)共(gong)同體。

我們重申，各(ge)(ge)國應在人工(gong)(gong)智能治理(li)中(zhong)加(jia)強信(xin)息交流和(he)技術合作，共(gong)(gong)(gong)同(tong)做好(hao)風險防范(fan)，形成具有廣泛共(gong)(gong)(gong)識(shi)的人工(gong)(gong)智能治理(li)框架(jia)和(he)標準規范(fan)，不(bu)斷提(ti)升人工(gong)(gong)智能技術的安全性(xing)(xing)(xing)、可靠性(xing)(xing)(xing)、可控(kong)性(xing)(xing)(xing)、公(gong)平性(xing)(xing)(xing)。我們歡迎各(ge)(ge)國政府、國際組織、企業、科研院校、民間機構和(he)公(gong)民個人等各(ge)(ge)主體秉持共(gong)(gong)(gong)商共(gong)(gong)(gong)建共(gong)(gong)(gong)享的理(li)念，協力(li)共(gong)(gong)(gong)同(tong)促(cu)進人工(gong)(gong)智能治理(li)。

為此，我們倡議：

——發展(zhan)人(ren)(ren)工智能(neng)應(ying)堅持“以(yi)人(ren)(ren)為(wei)本”理(li)念，以(yi)增(zeng)進人(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)共同福(fu)祉為(wei)目標，以(yi)保(bao)障社會安全、尊重人(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)權益為(wei)前提(ti)，確保(bao)人(ren)(ren)工智能(neng)始終(zhong)朝著有利于人(ren)(ren)類(lei)(lei)文(wen)明進步的方(fang)向(xiang)發展(zhan)。積極(ji)支持以(yi)人(ren)(ren)工智能(neng)助力可(ke)持續發展(zhan)，應(ying)對氣候(hou)變化、生物多樣性保(bao)護等全球性挑(tiao)戰。

——面向他(ta)(ta)國(guo)提供人(ren)工(gong)智能產(chan)品和服務時，應(ying)尊(zun)重他(ta)(ta)國(guo)主權，嚴格(ge)遵守他(ta)(ta)國(guo)法律，接受他(ta)(ta)國(guo)法律管(guan)轄(xia)。反對利用人(ren)工(gong)智能技術優勢操(cao)縱輿論、傳播虛(xu)假信息，干涉他(ta)(ta)國(guo)內(nei)政、社會(hui)制度(du)及社會(hui)秩序，危害他(ta)(ta)國(guo)主權。

——發展人工智(zhi)能(neng)應(ying)(ying)堅持“智(zhi)能(neng)向善”的(de)(de)宗旨，遵(zun)守適(shi)用(yong)的(de)(de)國(guo)際法，符合和(he)(he)平、發展、公平、正義、民主、自(zi)由的(de)(de)全人類共同價值，共同防范和(he)(he)打擊恐怖主義、極(ji)端(duan)勢力和(he)(he)跨(kua)國(guo)有(you)組織犯罪集團對人工智(zhi)能(neng)技(ji)術的(de)(de)惡用(yong)濫用(yong)。各國(guo)尤其是大國(guo)對在軍事領(ling)域研(yan)發和(he)(he)使用(yong)人工智(zhi)能(neng)技(ji)術應(ying)(ying)該采(cai)取慎重負責的(de)(de)態(tai)度。

——發(fa)(fa)展人(ren)(ren)工(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)應堅持相互尊重、平(ping)等互利的(de)原則，各國(guo)無(wu)(wu)論大小(xiao)、強弱，無(wu)(wu)論社會制度如何，都有平(ping)等發(fa)(fa)展和利用人(ren)(ren)工(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)的(de)權(quan)利。鼓勵(li)全球共(gong)(gong)同推動(dong)人(ren)(ren)工(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)健康發(fa)(fa)展，共(gong)(gong)享人(ren)(ren)工(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)知識成果，開(kai)源人(ren)(ren)工(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)技術。反對以意(yi)識形態劃(hua)線或(huo)構(gou)建排他性(xing)集團，惡(e)意(yi)阻撓他國(guo)人(ren)(ren)工(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)發(fa)(fa)展。反對利用技術壟(long)斷(duan)和單邊強制措施制造發(fa)(fa)展壁壘，惡(e)意(yi)阻斷(duan)全球人(ren)(ren)工(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)供應鏈。

——推動建立(li)風險等級(ji)(ji)測(ce)試評估(gu)體系，實施敏(min)捷治理，分類分級(ji)(ji)管(guan)理，快速有效(xiao)響(xiang)應。研(yan)發主(zhu)體不斷提高人(ren)(ren)工智能可(ke)(ke)解(jie)釋性(xing)和(he)可(ke)(ke)預(yu)測(ce)性(xing)，提升數據(ju)真實性(xing)和(he)準確性(xing)，確保(bao)人(ren)(ren)工智能始終處于人(ren)(ren)類控制(zhi)之下，打造可(ke)(ke)審核、可(ke)(ke)監督、可(ke)(ke)追溯、可(ke)(ke)信賴(lai)的人(ren)(ren)工智能技(ji)術。

——逐步建(jian)立健全法律(lv)和規章(zhang)制度，保(bao)障人工(gong)智(zhi)能研發和應用中(zhong)的個(ge)(ge)人隱私與(yu)數據安(an)全，反對竊取、篡改(gai)、泄露和其他非法收集利用個(ge)(ge)人信息的行為(wei)。

——堅(jian)持公平性和非(fei)歧(qi)視(shi)性原則，避免(mian)在(zai)數(shu)據獲取、算法設(she)計、技(ji)術開發、產品研發與應用過程中(zhong)，產生針對不同或特(te)定民族、信仰、國別、性別等偏見和歧(qi)視(shi)。

——堅(jian)持倫(lun)理(li)先行，建(jian)立(li)并(bing)完善人工智能倫(lun)理(li)準(zhun)則、規范及問責機制，形(xing)成人工智能倫(lun)理(li)指南(nan)，建(jian)立(li)科技倫(lun)理(li)審查和監管制度，明確人工智能相關主體的責任和權(quan)力邊(bian)界(jie)，充分尊重并(bing)保障各群體合(he)法權(quan)益，及時回應國內和國際相關倫(lun)理(li)關切(qie)。

——堅持廣泛(fan)參(can)與(yu)(yu)、協商一致、循序(xu)漸進的原(yuan)則，密切跟(gen)蹤技(ji)術發展形(xing)勢，開展風險評估和政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)溝通，分享最佳操作(zuo)(zuo)實踐。在(zai)此基礎(chu)上(shang)，通過對話(hua)與(yu)(yu)合作(zuo)(zuo)，在(zai)充(chong)分尊重各國政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)和實踐差異性基礎(chu)上(shang)，推動多利益攸關方(fang)積極參(can)與(yu)(yu)，在(zai)國際人工智能(neng)治理(li)領域形(xing)成廣泛(fan)共識。

——積極發(fa)展用于人工(gong)智能(neng)治(zhi)理的(de)(de)相關技術開發(fa)與應用，支持以人工(gong)智能(neng)技術防(fang)范(fan)人工(gong)智能(neng)風險，提高人工(gong)智能(neng)治(zhi)理的(de)(de)技術能(neng)力。

——增強發展中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)家在(zai)人(ren)(ren)工(gong)智(zhi)能全球治理(li)中(zhong)(zhong)的代(dai)表性和發言權，確保各國(guo)(guo)人(ren)(ren)工(gong)智(zhi)能發展與治理(li)的權利平等(deng)、機會平等(deng)、規則平等(deng)，開展面(mian)向發展中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)家的國(guo)(guo)際(ji)合作與援助，不斷彌合智(zhi)能鴻溝和治理(li)能力差(cha)距。積(ji)極支(zhi)持在(zai)聯合國(guo)(guo)框(kuang)架下討論成立國(guo)(guo)際(ji)人(ren)(ren)工(gong)智(zhi)能治理(li)機構，協調國(guo)(guo)際(ji)人(ren)(ren)工(gong)智(zhi)能發展、安全與治理(li)重大問題。

Global AI Governance Initiative

Artificial intelligence (AI) is a new area of human development. Currently, the fast development of AI around the globe has exerted profound influence on socioeconomic development and the progress of human civilization, and brought huge opportunities to the world. However, AI technologies also bring about unpredictable risks and complicated challenges. The governance of AI, a common task faced by all countries in the world, bears on the future of humanity.

As global peace and development faces various challenges, all countries should commit to a vision of common, comprehensive, cooperative, and sustainable security, and put equal emphasis on development and security. Countries should build consensus through dialogue and cooperation, and develop open, fair, and efficient governing mechanisms, in a bid to promote AI technologies to benefit humanity and contribute to building a community with a shared future for mankind.

We call on all countries to enhance information exchange and technological cooperation on the governance of AI. We should work together to prevent risks, and develop AI governance frameworks, norms and standards based on broad consensus, so as to make AI technologies more secure, reliable, controllable, and equitable. We welcome governments, international organizations, companies, research institutes, civil organizations, and individuals to jointly promote the governance of AI under the principles of extensive consultation, joint contribution, and shared benefits.

To make this happen, we would like to suggest the following:

We should uphold a people-centered approach in developing AI, with the goal of increasing the wellbeing of humanity and on the premise of ensuring social security and respecting the rights and interests of humanity, so that AI always develops in a way that is beneficial to human civilization. We should actively support the role of AI in promoting sustainable development and tackling global challenges such as climate change and biodiversity conservation.

We should respect other countries' national sovereignty and strictly abide by their laws when providing them with AI products and services. We oppose using AI technologies for the purposes of manipulating public opinion, spreading disinformation, intervening in other countries' internal affairs, social systems and social order, as well as jeopardizing the sovereignty of other states.

We must adhere to the principle of developing AI for good, respect the relevant international laws, and align AI development with humanity's common values of peace, development, equity, justice, democracy, and freedom. We should work together to prevent and fight against the misuse and malicious use of AI technologies by terrorists, extreme forces, and transnational organized criminal groups. All countries, especially major countries, should adopt a prudent and responsible attitude to the research, development, and application of AI technologies in the military field.

We should uphold the principles of mutual respect, equality, and mutual benefit in AI development. All countries, regardless of their size, strength, or social system, should have equal rights to develop and use AI. We call for global collaboration to foster the sound development of AI, share AI knowledge, and make AI technologies available to the public under open-source terms. We oppose drawing ideological lines or forming exclusive groups to obstruct other countries from developing AI. We also oppose creating barriers and disrupting the global AI supply chain through technological monopolies and unilateral coercive measures.

We should promote the establishment of a testing and assessment system based on AI risk levels, implement agile governance, and carry out tiered and category-based management for rapid and effective response. R&D entities should improve the explainability and predictability of AI, increase data authenticity and accuracy, ensure that AI always remains under human control, and build trustworthy AI technologies that can be reviewed, monitored, and traced.

We should gradually establish and improve relevant laws, regulations and rules, and ensure personal privacy and data security in the R&D and application of AI. We oppose theft, tampering, leaking, and other illegal collection and use of personal information.

We should adhere to the principles of fairness and non-discrimination, and avoid biases and discrimination based on ethnicities, beliefs, nationalities, genders, etc., during the process of data collection, algorithm design, technology development, and product development and application.

We should put ethics first. We should establish and improve ethical principles, norms, and accountability mechanisms for AI, formulate AI ethical guidelines, and build sci-tech ethical review and regulatory system. We should clarify responsibilities and power boundaries for entities related to AI, fully respect and safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of various groups, and address domestic and international ethical concerns in a timely manner.

We should uphold the principles of wide participation and consensus-based decision-making, adopt a gradual approach, pay close attention to technological advancements, conduct risk assessments and policy communication, and share best practices. On this basis, we should encourage active involvement from multiple stakeholders to achieve broad consensus in the field of international AI governance, based on exchange and cooperation and with full respect for differences in policies and practices among countries.

We should actively develop and apply technologies for AI governance, encourage the use of AI technologies to prevent AI risks, and enhance our technological capacity for AI governance.

We should increase the representation and voice of developing countries in global AI governance, and ensure equal rights, equal opportunities, and equal rules for all countries in AI development and governance. Efforts should be made to conduct international cooperation with and provide assistance to developing countries, to bridge the gap in AI and its governance capacity. We support discussions within the United Nations framework to establish an international institution to govern AI, and to coordinate efforts to address major issues concerning international AI development, security, and governance.