近期有(you)幾(ji)家煤(mei)礦企業(ye)宣布降(jiang)(jiang)薪。山(shan)西焦煤(mei)集團：已啟動“績效工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)動態調整”，基層礦工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)收入降(jiang)(jiang)幅達15%，管理層降(jiang)(jiang)薪30%的(de)計劃在醞釀中(zhong)(zhong)。平(ping)煤(mei)集團2025年3月(yue)2日宣布全(quan)體普通(tong)職工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)降(jiang)(jiang)薪35%，干部(bu)(bu)降(jiang)(jiang)薪45%。中(zhong)(zhong)國神華2025年1月(yue)煤(mei)炭銷(xiao)量同比大(da)降(jiang)(jiang)21.6%，宣布控(kong)制人(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)成本，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)面臨不漲或(huo)下降(jiang)(jiang)的(de)情況(kuang)，其(qi)部(bu)(bu)分下屬公司已開始(shi)降(jiang)(jiang)薪。此外(wai)，有(you)山(shan)西大(da)同地區的(de)煤(mei)礦工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)反映，2025年3月(yue)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)相比上月(yue)少了2000元。山(shan)西煤(mei)炭職工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)平(ping)均工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)較峰值下降(jiang)(jiang)40%-50%，部(bu)(bu)分崗位(wei)甚至腰斬。

煤(mei)礦行(xing)(xing)業(ye)降薪消息(xi)頻(pin)出(chu)絕非孤立事件，背后是(shi)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)困境的集中爆(bao)發。從市場供(gong)(gong)需看，國內煤(mei)礦開采力度(du)大(da)，煤(mei)炭存(cun)量過(guo)多(duo)，供(gong)(gong)求失衡(heng)嚴重。與此同時，進口煤(mei)憑借低(di)(di)價優勢不斷擠壓國產煤(mei)的市場份額，讓本就競爭激烈的煤(mei)炭市場雪上加霜(shuang)。新能源改革的深化更是(shi)讓煤(mei)炭行(xing)(xing)業(ye)的處境愈(yu)發艱難，太陽能、風(feng)能等清潔能源崛起(qi)，逐漸降低(di)(di)了(le)社會對煤(mei)炭的依賴，鋼鐵市場的低(di)(di)迷也聯動煤(mei)炭需求下(xia)(xia)跌(die)。多(duo)種因素交織，煤(mei)炭價格(ge)持續下(xia)(xia)行(xing)(xing)，企(qi)業(ye)利(li)潤空間被(bei)大(da)幅壓縮，降薪成了(le)企(qi)業(ye)無(wu)奈的自(zi)救(jiu)之(zhi)舉。

煤(mei)礦降薪，首當其沖受影響的(de)(de)就(jiu)是(shi)礦工及其家(jia)庭(ting)。曾經(jing)靠著(zhu)煤(mei)礦工作維持(chi)生計、支撐家(jia)庭(ting)開銷(xiao)，甚至貸(dai)(dai)款(kuan)買房買車的(de)(de)礦工們，如(ru)今收入銳減，生活質量急劇下降，房貸(dai)(dai)、車貸(dai)(dai)壓力(li)倍增，家(jia)庭(ting)經(jing)濟陷(xian)入緊張，應對突發(fa)情況他們的(de)(de)能力(li)變得(de)極為脆(cui)弱。因為平時掙得(de)本就(jiu)不多，沒有(you)(you)多少存款(kuan)，大(da)部分礦工都是(shi)上有(you)(you)老(lao)下有(you)(you)小，家(jia)里日(ri)常花(hua)銷(xiao)很大(da)。

煤(mei)礦降薪會引(yin)發一系列連(lian)鎖(suo)反(fan)(fan)應，煤(mei)礦行(xing)業(ye)關聯著眾多(duo)上下(xia)游產業(ye)，像洗煤(mei)廠(chang)、運輸業(ye)、鋼鐵(tie)業(ye)等。煤(mei)礦工(gong)人收(shou)入減少，消(xiao)費(fei)能(neng)力隨之下(xia)降，進而(er)導(dao)致(zhi)區域性(xing)消(xiao)費(fei)市(shi)場萎(wei)縮，商業(ye)活動活躍度降低，影響當地(di)經(jing)濟(ji)發展。煤(mei)炭行(xing)業(ye)在國民經(jing)濟(ji)中(zhong)占據重要(yao)地(di)位，其降薪可能(neng)導(dao)致(zhi)相(xiang)關產業(ye)鏈的(de)連(lian)鎖(suo)反(fan)(fan)應，威脅整體經(jing)濟(ji)穩定。有些重工(gong)業(ye)地(di)區以煤(mei)礦、鐵(tie)礦、鋁礦、洗煤(mei)廠(chang)、焦化廠(chang)等重工(gong)業(ye)為主(zhu)，煤(mei)礦一旦(dan)出現問題，就(jiu)會波及各個(ge)行(xing)業(ye)。

但困境中也(ye)蘊藏(zang)著(zhu)機遇。一(yi)方面(mian)(mian)煤礦企(qi)(qi)業應借此契機，加快轉型升級步伐，加大對清潔煤炭技(ji)術的研發(fa)投入，提高煤炭利用效(xiao)率(lv)，降低污染排放，向綠色、低碳方向發(fa)展(zhan)。另一(yi)方面(mian)(mian)政府部門要(yao)發(fa)揮引(yin)導作用，出臺(tai)扶持政策，幫助煤礦企(qi)(qi)業渡過難關，推(tui)動產業結(jie)構調整和(he)優(you)化升級。

煤礦降(jiang)薪是(shi)挑戰，也是(shi)行(xing)業(ye)轉型的催化(hua)劑。只有(you)各方攜手，共同(tong)探索(suo)新的發(fa)展路徑，才(cai)能讓煤炭行(xing)業(ye)在新時代實現可(ke)持續發(fa)展，在能源(yuan)變革的浪潮中(zhong)找到新的立足之地(di)