新華社北京6月21日電 題：弘揚“中國—中亞精神” 開創更加美好未來
新(xin)華(hua)社記者謝彬(bin)彬(bin)
近日(ri)，在哈薩克斯坦阿斯塔納舉行的第(di)二屆中(zhong)國—中(zhong)亞(ya)(ya)峰(feng)會期間，國家主席習近平同(tong)中(zhong)亞(ya)(ya)五國元首(shou)再度相聚，共(gong)敘傳統友(you)誼，共(gong)商合作(zuo)(zuo)大計，共(gong)繪(hui)發(fa)展藍圖，推動(dong)中(zhong)國同(tong)中(zhong)亞(ya)(ya)國家關系更(geng)加(jia)緊密，合作(zuo)(zuo)更(geng)加(jia)深入，前景(jing)更(geng)加(jia)廣闊。以本屆峰(feng)會為契機，中(zhong)國同(tong)中(zhong)亞(ya)(ya)五國持(chi)續夯(hang)實(shi)互信基礎，凝聚合作(zuo)(zuo)共(gong)識，深化(hua)戰(zhan)略對(dui)接，推動(dong)各領域合作(zuo)(zuo)提質升級，達(da)成百余項合作(zuo)(zuo)成果，為構(gou)建更(geng)加(jia)緊密的中(zhong)國—中(zhong)亞(ya)(ya)命運(yun)共(gong)同(tong)體注入新動(dong)力。
深化互信，開辟合作新空間
中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)同中(zhong)(zhong)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)五國(guo)建交(jiao)30多(duo)年來(lai)，走(zou)出了一(yi)條睦鄰友好、合作共贏的新路，樹(shu)立了新型國(guo)際關系典范。近年來(lai)，在(zai)元首外(wai)交(jiao)掌舵領航下，中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)—中(zhong)(zhong)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)機制升(sheng)格至元首層級，中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)同中(zhong)(zhong)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)五國(guo)政治互信不斷深化。
本屆峰會(hui)期間(jian)(jian)，六國(guo)(guo)(guo)元首(shou)共(gong)(gong)同簽署(shu)《第(di)二屆中國(guo)(guo)(guo)—中亞(ya)(ya)峰會(hui)阿斯塔(ta)(ta)納(na)宣(xuan)言》，集中體現本屆峰會(hui)達(da)成(cheng)的(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)政治共(gong)(gong)識。六國(guo)(guo)(guo)決心(xin)攜手構建(jian)更加緊密的(de)中國(guo)(guo)(guo)—中亞(ya)(ya)命運(yun)共(gong)(gong)同體，并重(zhong)(zhong)申在涉及彼此核(he)心(xin)利益(yi)問題上互予理(li)解、尊重(zhong)(zhong)和(he)支持。塔(ta)(ta)吉克(ke)斯坦阿維斯塔(ta)(ta)通(tong)訊社(she)副社(she)長巴(ba)赫蒂亞(ya)(ya)爾(er)·哈姆達(da)莫夫認(ren)為，這份宣(xuan)言極為重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)，體現中國(guo)(guo)(guo)與中亞(ya)(ya)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)之間(jian)(jian)高度的(de)政治互信，為中國(guo)(guo)(guo)與中亞(ya)(ya)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)關系深入發(fa)展開(kai)辟新空間(jian)(jian)。
在本屆峰會主旨發(fa)言中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，習(xi)近平主席宣布(bu)“互尊、互信(xin)、互利(li)、互助(zhu)，以高質量發(fa)展推進共(gong)(gong)同(tong)現(xian)代(dai)化”的“中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)—中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亞(ya)(ya)精(jing)神(shen)”。這一(yi)精(jing)神(shen)植根于中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)同(tong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亞(ya)(ya)國(guo)家在長期合(he)作(zuo)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)形成的共(gong)(gong)同(tong)理念和價值(zhi)，彰(zhang)顯中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)同(tong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亞(ya)(ya)國(guo)家循睦鄰之愿(yuan)、強信(xin)任之基、聚團結之力、行互助(zhu)之舉的堅定意志，得到各(ge)方一(yi)致認同(tong)和支持(chi)。烏(wu)茲別克斯坦《人(ren)民言論報》副主編(bian)肯扎耶(ye)夫認為(wei)，在“中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)—中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亞(ya)(ya)精(jing)神(shen)”指引(yin)下，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)與(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亞(ya)(ya)國(guo)家合(he)作(zuo)將邁向更高水平，為(wei)實現(xian)地(di)區持(chi)久和平與(yu)共(gong)(gong)同(tong)繁榮注(zhu)入源(yuan)(yuan)源(yuan)(yuan)不(bu)斷的動力。
中(zhong)國已同(tong)中(zhong)亞(ya)五國實(shi)現全面(mian)戰(zhan)略伙伴(ban)關系(xi)全覆(fu)蓋(gai)和雙(shuang)邊(bian)層面(mian)踐(jian)行(xing)人類命(ming)運(yun)共(gong)同(tong)體全覆(fu)蓋(gai)。“以中(zhong)哈(ha)關系(xi)的穩(wen)定性和正能(neng)量為(wei)地(di)區乃(nai)至世界和平和發(fa)展作(zuo)(zuo)出更多貢獻”，“中(zhong)方(fang)愿(yuan)同(tong)吉方(fang)一道，持續(xu)深(shen)化發(fa)展戰(zhan)略對(dui)接”，“高質量構建(jian)中(zhong)塔(ta)命(ming)運(yun)共(gong)同(tong)體”，“中(zhong)方(fang)愿(yuan)同(tong)土方(fang)一道，繼續(xu)在相互尊重、合(he)作(zuo)(zuo)共(gong)贏基礎上充分釋放合(he)作(zuo)(zuo)潛力”，“攜手構建(jian)更加富有(you)內涵和活力的中(zhong)烏(wu)命(ming)運(yun)共(gong)同(tong)體”……本屆峰會期間(jian)，習近平主(zhu)席分別同(tong)中(zhong)亞(ya)國家領導人舉行(xing)會晤(wu)，對(dui)中(zhong)國同(tong)中(zhong)亞(ya)國家關系(xi)發(fa)展做出頂層設計，為(wei)雙(shuang)邊(bian)合(he)作(zuo)(zuo)指引方(fang)向。
共謀發展，攜手奔赴現代化
中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)與中(zhong)(zhong)亞五國(guo)同(tong)為發展中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)家，一(yi)直是現代化道路上的(de)同(tong)行者。當前，中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)正在以中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)式現代化全面推進強國(guo)建設(she)、民族(zu)復興偉(wei)業(ye)，中(zhong)(zhong)亞五國(guo)也將對(dui)現代化的(de)期(qi)(qi)盼寫入自己的(de)發展戰略。在中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)與中(zhong)(zhong)亞國(guo)家發展振(zhen)興的(de)關鍵時(shi)期(qi)(qi)，更要(yao)攜手(shou)同(tong)行，相互(hu)助力。
本屆峰會(hui)最鮮明(ming)的(de)主題是中國(guo)與中亞國(guo)家(jia)元首共(gong)(gong)(gong)同(tong)宣布2025至2026年(nian)為(wei)(wei)“中國(guo)中亞合(he)作高質(zhi)(zhi)量發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)年(nian)”。從(cong)確定貿易暢通、產業投資、互(hu)聯互(hu)通、綠色礦產、農業現代化、人(ren)員往來(lai)六(liu)大優先方向，到簽署高質(zhi)(zhi)量共(gong)(gong)(gong)建(jian)(jian)“一(yi)(yi)帶一(yi)(yi)路(lu)(lu)”行動(dong)計劃，再到加(jia)強(qiang)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)戰略對(dui)接并加(jia)快(kuai)實(shi)施一(yi)(yi)批重大項(xiang)目；從(cong)高質(zhi)(zhi)量推進(jin)中吉烏鐵路(lu)(lu)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)，到加(jia)快(kuai)推進(jin)中哈第三(san)條(tiao)跨境鐵路(lu)(lu)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)，再到實(shi)施中塔公(gong)路(lu)(lu)二期關鍵路(lu)(lu)段改(gai)造(zao)……一(yi)(yi)份份合(he)作文件(jian)，一(yi)(yi)項(xiang)項(xiang)合(he)作倡議，一(yi)(yi)個個具體項(xiang)目，清晰描繪(hui)出中國(guo)同(tong)中亞開展(zhan)(zhan)更高質(zhi)(zhi)量合(he)作、深化利益(yi)融合(he)、實(shi)現共(gong)(gong)(gong)同(tong)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)宏(hong)偉藍圖。“今日哈薩克斯坦”通訊社社長庫瓦托夫認為(wei)(wei)，本屆峰會(hui)不(bu)僅推動(dong)了(le)首屆峰會(hui)成(cheng)果(guo)的(de)進(jin)一(yi)(yi)步落(luo)實(shi)，更在能源(yuan)、交通、人(ren)文、綠色發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)等(deng)方面推出了(le)多項(xiang)新舉措，這些舉措具有很強(qiang)的(de)延續性、操作性和前瞻性。
中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)從不追(zhui)求獨善其身的現代化，而是(shi)(shi)致力于(yu)與各(ge)國(guo)(guo)(guo)共同發展、合作共贏。為了回(hui)應中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)渴望(wang)振興、提升自(zi)主發展能(neng)力的迫(po)切(qie)需求，習近平(ping)主席宣布在(zai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)合作框架(jia)內建立(li)減(jian)貧、教育(yu)(yu)交(jiao)流、荒漠化防治三(san)大合作中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)，未來兩年為中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家提供(gong)3000個培(pei)訓(xun)名額。習近平(ping)主席強(qiang)(qiang)調，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)方愿同中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家共享(xiang)發展經(jing)驗和最新技術成果(guo)，促(cu)進數字基礎設施聯(lian)通，加強(qiang)(qiang)人工智能(neng)合作，培(pei)育(yu)(yu)新質生產力。這些舉措(cuo)彰顯了中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)的大國(guo)(guo)(guo)擔當，充分體現出中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)是(shi)(shi)落實全球(qiu)發展倡議的先行者(zhe)和示(shi)范者(zhe)。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)五(wu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)領導人一致表示(shi)，感謝中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)同中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家開(kai)展全面合作，為各(ge)國(guo)(guo)(guo)帶(dai)來難能(neng)可貴的發展機遇。
面對(dui)(dui)當(dang)今(jin)世界單邊(bian)(bian)主義(yi)、保護主義(yi)盛行(xing)，關(guan)稅(shui)戰(zhan)、貿(mao)(mao)(mao)易戰(zhan)損害(hai)各國(guo)(guo)(guo)正當(dang)權益，六國(guo)(guo)(guo)元首共同(tong)為中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)—中(zhong)亞(ya)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)易暢通合作平臺(tai)揭牌，重申(shen)致(zhi)力于鞏(gong)固以(yi)世貿(mao)(mao)(mao)組(zu)織規則為基礎的多(duo)邊(bian)(bian)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)易體制。六國(guo)(guo)(guo)達(da)成加強經(jing)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)合作的行(xing)動計劃(hua)，中(zhong)哈簽署新版投(tou)資保護協定(ding)，中(zhong)烏成功(gong)結束烏加入世貿(mao)(mao)(mao)組(zu)織的雙邊(bian)(bian)市場(chang)準入談判……中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)同(tong)中(zhong)亞(ya)五國(guo)(guo)(guo)以(yi)實際行(xing)動彰顯反對(dui)(dui)單邊(bian)(bian)主義(yi)、維護國(guo)(guo)(guo)際經(jing)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)秩(zhi)序的堅定(ding)意愿。
密切交往，續寫友好新篇章
習(xi)近(jin)平(ping)主席此行期間，東道主哈薩(sa)克斯(si)坦(tan)總統托卡耶夫(fu)親赴機場迎送，安排(pai)戰機為專機護航，共同欣(xin)賞哈薩(sa)克斯(si)坦(tan)兒(er)童(tong)朗誦自創中(zhong)文詩歌和(he)表演民(min)族(zu)舞蹈；《平(ping)“語”近(jin)人——習(xi)近(jin)平(ping)喜歡的(de)(de)典故(gu)》在(zai)中(zhong)亞(ya)五國(guo)(guo)播出；習(xi)近(jin)平(ping)主席引用的(de)(de)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)詩文典故(gu)廣(guang)受當地民(min)眾關(guan)注和(he)喜愛……高規格(ge)禮遇和(he)高度關(guan)注，充分體現(xian)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)同中(zhong)亞(ya)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)植根于兩千多年友好交往的(de)(de)深情(qing)厚誼。
國之(zhi)交，在于民(min)(min)相親。中(zhong)國與中(zhong)亞國家的傳統友(you)誼由(you)人民(min)(min)書寫，美好未來也將由(you)人民(min)(min)創(chuang)造(zao)。本屆峰會期間，中(zhong)國同中(zhong)亞國家在地(di)方(fang)(fang)合作、人員往來、教育(yu)交流(liu)、文化旅游等領域達成(cheng)一系列新的合作成(cheng)果，打(da)造(zao)了(le)從中(zhong)央到(dao)地(di)方(fang)(fang)、從官(guan)方(fang)(fang)到(dao)民(min)(min)間、從毗鄰(lin)地(di)區(qu)到(dao)更(geng)廣區(qu)域的“心聯通”格(ge)局。
本屆(jie)峰會(hui)上，習近平(ping)主席宣布，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)方將在(zai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亞(ya)(ya)開(kai)設(she)更多文化(hua)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心、高校(xiao)(xiao)分(fen)校(xiao)(xiao)、魯(lu)班(ban)工坊、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)醫藥中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心等，在(zai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)高校(xiao)(xiao)增設(she)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亞(ya)(ya)語言專業，繼續實施好(hao)“中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)—中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亞(ya)(ya)技(ji)(ji)術技(ji)(ji)能提(ti)升計劃(hua)”，加(jia)(jia)強同中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亞(ya)(ya)國(guo)家立法機構、政黨(dang)、婦女(nv)、青年、媒體(ti)、智庫等合作，深(shen)入(ru)開(kai)展(zhan)治國(guo)理政經驗交流(liu)(liu)。塔(ta)吉(ji)克(ke)斯坦技(ji)(ji)術大學副(fu)校(xiao)(xiao)長勞夫·尤拉洪(hong)佐達(da)認(ren)為，人文交流(liu)(liu)是中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)與中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亞(ya)(ya)國(guo)家關系發展(zhan)的(de)“潤滑(hua)劑”，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)與中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亞(ya)(ya)國(guo)家進一(yi)步加(jia)(jia)強在(zai)科技(ji)(ji)和教育領域合作，有利于開(kai)辟新的(de)合作模(mo)式和發展(zhan)方向。
六(liu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)元(yuan)首見證簽(qian)署多份友(you)(you)城協議，中國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)與中亞(ya)(ya)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家的友(you)(you)城數量突破(po)100對；北京(jing)和杜(du)尚別直航(hang)首飛(fei)，中國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)同中亞(ya)(ya)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家首都直航(hang)實現全覆蓋；六(liu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)簽(qian)署促進人(ren)員(yuan)往來(lai)便(bian)利化合(he)(he)作倡議，同意出臺(tai)簡(jian)化簽(qian)證手續等(deng)便(bian)利化舉措……以友(you)(you)城交往為橋梁，促進人(ren)員(yuan)交往，讓中國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)和中亞(ya)(ya)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家民(min)眾像走親戚一(yi)樣常來(lai)常往、越(yue)走越(yue)親，友(you)(you)誼之花(hua)必將(jiang)越(yue)開越(yue)燦(can)爛。哈薩克斯(si)坦(tan)阿拉木圖市政府(fu)外辦主任(ren)阿塞特·阿爾穆(mu)哈諾夫(fu)說，友(you)(you)城間(jian)的聯合(he)(he)人(ren)文(wen)活(huo)動和便(bian)民(min)政策將(jiang)推(tui)動地方合(he)(he)作發展，密切兩(liang)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)人(ren)員(yuan)往來(lai)，在“中國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)—中亞(ya)(ya)精神”引領下進一(yi)步拉近兩(liang)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)人(ren)民(min)心(xin)與心(xin)的距離(li)。
本屆(jie)峰會期(qi)間(jian)，六(liu)國(guo)(guo)元(yuan)首共同簽(qian)署(shu)“永久睦(mu)鄰友好(hao)合作條(tiao)約(yue)(yue)”，以法律形式將世代友好(hao)的(de)原則固定(ding)下來。條(tiao)約(yue)(yue)的(de)簽(qian)署(shu)顯示(shi)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)同中(zhong)亞國(guo)(guo)家政(zheng)治互(hu)信達到(dao)新(xin)高度、戰(zhan)略協作邁出新(xin)步伐(fa)、民心相通(tong)實現新(xin)跨越(yue)，將為(wei)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)同中(zhong)亞國(guo)(guo)家關(guan)系長(chang)期(qi)穩定(ding)發展筑牢根基。這是中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)與中(zhong)亞國(guo)(guo)家關(guan)系史上新(xin)的(de)里(li)程碑，也(ye)是中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)周邊外交的(de)創舉。吉爾吉斯(si)斯(si)坦前外長(chang)阿利克(ke)(ke)別克(ke)(ke)·葉克(ke)(ke)申(shen)庫洛夫(fu)說，條(tiao)約(yue)(yue)的(de)簽(qian)署(shu)不(bu)僅奠定(ding)新(xin)時代中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)與中(zhong)亞關(guan)系的(de)基石，也(ye)彰顯人類(lei)命(ming)運(yun)共同體理念的(de)強大生(sheng)命(ming)力，將激勵本地區成(cheng)為(wei)和平發展、互(hu)利合作、不(bu)同文明和諧共處(chu)的(de)典范(fan)。
此次習近(jin)平主席(xi)的(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亞(ya)之行(xing)立足(zu)周邊、謀(mou)篇全(quan)局，引領(ling)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)—中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亞(ya)機制發(fa)展、推動(dong)周邊命運共(gong)(gong)同體(ti)建設，也(ye)匯聚維護(hu)國(guo)際公(gong)平正(zheng)義的(de)(de)(de)共(gong)(gong)識，是習近(jin)平外交(jiao)思(si)想和中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)周邊外交(jiao)的(de)(de)(de)又一次成(cheng)功實(shi)踐。沉甸甸的(de)(de)(de)峰會成(cheng)果清單(dan)，承載著中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)同中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亞(ya)國(guo)家關系美好(hao)未來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)期待，凝聚著六(liu)國(guo)睦鄰友(you)好(hao)、命運與共(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)共(gong)(gong)識，匯聚各方互(hu)利(li)共(gong)(gong)贏、共(gong)(gong)同發(fa)展的(de)(de)(de)力量。面(mian)向未來(lai)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)與中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亞(ya)國(guo)家將以“中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)—中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亞(ya)精神”為指引，共(gong)(gong)護(hu)安(an)寧、共(gong)(gong)謀(mou)發(fa)展、共(gong)(gong)促(cu)進步、共(gong)(gong)守正(zheng)義，續寫互(hu)利(li)共(gong)(gong)贏、相互(hu)成(cheng)就的(de)(de)(de)故事，朝著構(gou)建更(geng)加(jia)緊密的(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)—中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亞(ya)命運共(gong)(gong)同體(ti)目標闊步前行(xing)。（參與記者：鄭鈺(yu)、茍(gou)洪景、張(zhang)繼業、江(jiang)宥林、李(li)奧、吳(wu)長偉(wei)、蔣彪、王嘉偉(wei)、毛鵬(peng)飛、鐘忠）
