新華(hua)社(she)北(bei)京(jing)8月11日電 《中共中央關于進(jin)一(yi)(yi)步全面深化(hua)改革、推(tui)進(jin)中國式現代化(hua)的決定》提出：“完善(shan)流通體(ti)制(zhi)”。流通在(zai)國民經濟(ji)中發揮著基礎性作(zuo)用，必須把建(jian)設(she)流通體(ti)制(zhi)作(zuo)為一(yi)(yi)項戰略任務(wu)來抓。
黨(dang)的十(shi)八大以來，我國(guo)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)通(tong)體制(zhi)建設(she)(she)(she)成果豐碩，國(guo)家骨干(gan)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)通(tong)網(wang)絡日益(yi)健全(quan)，流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)通(tong)領域新業態(tai)新模(mo)式(shi)不(bu)(bu)斷(duan)涌現，全(quan)國(guo)統一(yi)大市(shi)(shi)場建設(she)(she)(she)步(bu)伐加快，商品和要素(su)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)通(tong)制(zhi)度環境(jing)進(jin)一(yi)步(bu)完善。以商貿(mao)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)通(tong)為(wei)例，產(chan)(chan)業規模(mo)不(bu)(bu)斷(duan)擴(kuo)大，2023年批(pi)發(fa)和零售(shou)業增加值達(da)12.3萬億(yi)元，占(zhan)國(guo)內生產(chan)(chan)總(zong)值的9.8%；流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)通(tong)設(she)(she)(she)施不(bu)(bu)斷(duan)完善，農產(chan)(chan)品批(pi)發(fa)市(shi)(shi)場超過4000家，農貿(mao)市(shi)(shi)場、菜市(shi)(shi)場和集貿(mao)市(shi)(shi)場近4萬家；流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)通(tong)新業態(tai)加快發(fa)展，全(quan)國(guo)網(wang)上零售(shou)額15.4萬億(yi)元；農村(cun)、農產(chan)(chan)品網(wang)絡零售(shou)額同比(bi)增長12.9%和12.5%；開放融合(he)持續深化，市(shi)(shi)場準入和貨物跨境(jing)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)動(dong)的障礙減少，16家流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)通(tong)企業進(jin)入世界500強榜單。
同(tong)時，我國流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)通(tong)(tong)體(ti)(ti)制仍(reng)(reng)有(you)待(dai)進(jin)一(yi)(yi)步(bu)完善，支撐高(gao)(gao)質量發展的(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)有(you)待(dai)進(jin)一(yi)(yi)步(bu)發揮。從(cong)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)通(tong)(tong)布(bu)局(ju)看，物流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)網絡分布(bu)不(bu)均(jun)衡，農村地(di)(di)區物流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)基礎設(she)(she)施(shi)建設(she)(she)滯后(hou)，不(bu)少地(di)(di)方缺少對大型(xing)商(shang)業(ye)綜(zong)合體(ti)(ti)等商(shang)業(ye)網點(dian)的(de)(de)規(gui)劃引(yin)導，存在重(zhong)復(fu)建設(she)(she)情況。從(cong)物流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)建設(she)(she)看，標(biao)準化、現代化水平(ping)有(you)待(dai)提高(gao)(gao)，效(xiao)率低(di)、成本高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)矛盾比較突出(chu)，各種運輸(shu)方式融合銜接不(bu)夠順(shun)(shun)暢，商(shang)品(pin)和(he)服務跨區域(yu)(yu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)通(tong)(tong)仍(reng)(reng)不(bu)順(shun)(shun)暢。從(cong)動能培育看，流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)通(tong)(tong)發展的(de)(de)新(xin)舊動能轉(zhuan)換任重(zhong)道遠(yuan)，實體(ti)(ti)商(shang)店等傳統商(shang)貿主(zhu)體(ti)(ti)面(mian)臨(lin)巨大轉(zhuan)型(xing)壓力，一(yi)(yi)些地(di)(di)方存在“重(zhong)生產(chan)、輕流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)通(tong)(tong)”的(de)(de)現象，缺少國際水準的(de)(de)大型(xing)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)通(tong)(tong)企業(ye)。從(cong)管理(li)體(ti)(ti)制看，流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)通(tong)(tong)領域(yu)(yu)涉及部門多，一(yi)(yi)些地(di)(di)方多頭管理(li)、職能交叉和(he)監管空白(bai)、留(liu)有(you)盲點(dian)并(bing)存，現代流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)通(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)立法工(gong)作(zuo)仍(reng)(reng)有(you)待(dai)加強，信用(yong)體(ti)(ti)系建設(she)(she)有(you)待(dai)進(jin)一(yi)(yi)步(bu)完善。完善流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)通(tong)(tong)體(ti)(ti)制，需(xu)打好“軟硬”組合拳。
第一(yi)，健全(quan)一(yi)體(ti)(ti)銜接(jie)的流(liu)通(tong)(tong)(tong)規則和(he)(he)(he)標準，提(ti)升治理水(shui)平。完善(shan)流(liu)通(tong)(tong)(tong)規則和(he)(he)(he)標準體(ti)(ti)系，加強(qiang)對我(wo)國(guo)流(liu)通(tong)(tong)(tong)領(ling)域現有(you)法律、法規和(he)(he)(he)部門(men)規章(zhang)的修訂(ding)和(he)(he)(he)完善(shan)，推動流(liu)通(tong)(tong)(tong)領(ling)域的法規體(ti)(ti)系與國(guo)際(ji)接(jie)軌。加快推動農產品市場公(gong)益性立法工作，提(ti)高(gao)政府(fu)宏(hong)觀調(diao)控和(he)(he)(he)保供穩價水(shui)平。完善(shan)流(liu)通(tong)(tong)(tong)治理機(ji)制(zhi)，推動線下(xia)商貿(mao)流(liu)通(tong)(tong)(tong)數(shu)字化、智能(neng)化、融合化進(jin)(jin)程，支(zhi)持(chi)流(liu)通(tong)(tong)(tong)領(ling)域新技(ji)術(shu)新業態新模式成(cheng)長壯大。促進(jin)(jin)供應鏈協同(tong)創(chuang)新，推進(jin)(jin)數(shu)字化、智能(neng)化改造和(he)(he)(he)跨界(jie)融合，支(zhi)持(chi)流(liu)通(tong)(tong)(tong)企業健康(kang)發(fa)展，防止惡(e)性競(jing)爭，培育世界(jie)一(yi)流(liu)流(liu)通(tong)(tong)(tong)企業。推動流(liu)通(tong)(tong)(tong)領(ling)域信用體(ti)(ti)系建設(she)，形成(cheng)以信用監管為基礎的新型(xing)監管機(ji)制(zhi)。
 第二(er)，健(jian)全(quan)(quan)現代流(liu)(liu)(liu)通(tong)(tong)(tong)網絡，促(cu)(cu)進供(gong)需(xu)銜接。打通(tong)(tong)(tong)關鍵堵(du)點、拓展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)流(liu)(liu)(liu)通(tong)(tong)(tong)空間(jian)，形成供(gong)需(xu)互(hu)促(cu)(cu)、產(chan)銷(xiao)并進的良性循環(huan)。加快發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)物聯網，健(jian)全(quan)(quan)商(shang)品(pin)交易(yi)市(shi)(shi)場網絡，將發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)商(shang)貿(mao)流(liu)(liu)(liu)通(tong)(tong)(tong)規劃納入本地(di)區國民(min)經濟和(he)社會發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)規劃，統籌考(kao)慮商(shang)貿(mao)流(liu)(liu)(liu)通(tong)(tong)(tong)網點、設施用(yong)地(di)或空間(jian)需(xu)求(qiu)，優先(xian)保障農(nong)(nong)產(chan)品(pin)批(pi)發(fa)市(shi)(shi)場、菜市(shi)(shi)場、便利店(dian)等(deng)民(min)生設施用(yong)地(di)。加強標準(zhun)化建(jian)設和(he)綠色(se)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，支(zhi)持關系居民(min)日常(chang)生活的商(shang)貿(mao)流(liu)(liu)(liu)通(tong)(tong)(tong)設施改造升級、健(jian)康(kang)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。健(jian)全(quan)(quan)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)品(pin)流(liu)(liu)(liu)通(tong)(tong)(tong)網絡，完善農(nong)(nong)產(chan)品(pin)流(liu)(liu)(liu)通(tong)(tong)(tong)骨干網絡，開(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)國家骨干冷鏈物流(liu)(liu)(liu)基地(di)建(jian)設工程，加快貫通(tong)(tong)(tong)縣鄉(xiang)村(cun)電子商(shang)務(wu)體系和(he)快遞物流(liu)(liu)(liu)配送體系，加強對中(zhong)西部地(di)區政策支(zhi)持。健(jian)全(quan)(quan)城鄉(xiang)多層次(ci)商(shang)貿(mao)網絡，加強郵政、供(gong)銷(xiao)、電商(shang)、快遞、益農(nong)(nong)信息社等(deng)資(zi)源協作，提高農(nong)(nong)村(cun)商(shang)業網點便民(min)綜合(he)服務(wu)水平和(he)可持續運營能力(li)。
第三，完善物流基礎(chu)設(she)施(shi)(shi)(shi)，降低全(quan)社會物流成(cheng)本(ben)。推(tui)(tui)(tui)動(dong)農(nong)村市(shi)場升級，鼓勵(li)社會資本(ben)進入，加(jia)大對冷鏈設(she)施(shi)(shi)(shi)、農(nong)產品(pin)產地預處理設(she)施(shi)(shi)(shi)等具有一定公益(yi)性項目的引導和財政扶持，鼓勵(li)龍(long)頭企業(ye)牽頭打造農(nong)產品(pin)供應鏈。推(tui)(tui)(tui)動(dong)城(cheng)市(shi)商業(ye)提質升級，統籌推(tui)(tui)(tui)進縣(xian)域商業(ye)體系(xi)建(jian)設(she)，打造城(cheng)市(shi)一刻鐘便(bian)民生活圈，發展特色街區和商圈，提升和改善消(xiao)費環境，滿足(zu)個(ge)性化(hua)(hua)多(duo)樣(yang)化(hua)(hua)的消(xiao)費需求。加(jia)快智能物聯技(ji)術應用，提高數字技(ji)術在物流業(ye)全(quan)過程的滲透率，推(tui)(tui)(tui)動(dong)物流要素在線化(hua)(hua)數據化(hua)(hua)，實現物流資源的線上線下聯動(dong)。統籌規劃物流樞紐，優(you)(you)化(hua)(hua)交通(tong)基礎(chu)設(she)施(shi)(shi)(shi)建(jian)設(she)，同時完善合(he)作機制，加(jia)強分(fen)工(gong)協作和優(you)(you)勢互補。
