本報訊 近日(ri)，中國建(jian)筑(zhu)業(ye)(ye)協(xie)會發布《》（以(yi)下簡(jian)稱分(fen)析報告(gao)），分(fen)析報告(gao)顯(xian)示，全國建(jian)筑(zhu)業(ye)(ye)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)完成建(jian)筑(zhu)業(ye)(ye)總產值326501.11億元，同比增長3.85%；按(an)建(jian)筑(zhu)業(ye)(ye)總產值計算(suan)的(de)勞動生產率(lv)為547630元/人，同比提(ti)高15.15%。
分(fen)析報(bao)告分(fen)為2024年(nian)全(quan)國(guo)建筑業(ye)(ye)基本情況、2024年(nian)各(ge)地(di)區建筑業(ye)(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)情況兩大(da)部分(fen)。分(fen)析報(bao)告指出，2024年(nian)是(shi)實(shi)現“十四五”規劃目標(biao)任(ren)務的關(guan)鍵一年(nian)，全(quan)國(guo)建筑業(ye)(ye)堅持穩中求進工作(zuo)總基調，穩增長、惠民生、防風險、促(cu)轉型，在“穩”上態勢向好、在“進”上步伐加快、在“立(li)”上實(shi)現突破，推動(dong)建筑業(ye)(ye)高質量發(fa)展(zhan)取得新(xin)的進展(zhan)。
分析(xi)報告還顯示，完(wan)成竣(jun)工產值(zhi)135238.80億(yi)(yi)元，同(tong)比(bi)降低(di)1.65%；簽訂合(he)同(tong)總額(e)727219.17億(yi)(yi)元，同(tong)比(bi)下降0.22%；房屋(wu)建筑施(shi)工面積136.83億(yi)(yi)平方米(mi)，同(tong)比(bi)減(jian)少10.62%；房屋(wu)建筑竣(jun)工面積34.37億(yi)(yi)平方米(mi)，同(tong)比(bi)減(jian)少12.63%；實(shi)現利潤(run)7513億(yi)(yi)元，按(an)可(ke)比(bi)口徑計算，比(bi)上(shang)年下降9.8%。截(jie)至2024年底，全國有施(shi)工活(huo)動的建筑業企業168011個，同(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)長(chang)5.57%；直接從(cong)事(shi)生(sheng)產經營活(huo)動的平均(jun)人數5962.07萬人，同(tong)比(bi)減(jian)少12.26%。
分(fen)析(xi)報告指(zhi)出，2024年(nian)全國建筑(zhu)業基(ji)本情況(kuang)呈現七大(da)特點。
第(di)一，建(jian)筑業(ye)增加(jia)值(zhi)(zhi)占(zhan)國內生產(chan)(chan)(chan)總(zong)值(zhi)(zhi)比(bi)(bi)重(zhong)為(wei)6.67%，支(zhi)柱產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)地位(wei)穩固。經初步核算，2024年(nian)(nian)全(quan)年(nian)(nian)國內生產(chan)(chan)(chan)總(zong)值(zhi)(zhi)1349083.5億(yi)(yi)元，比(bi)(bi)上(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)增長5.0%。全(quan)年(nian)(nian)全(quan)社(she)會建(jian)筑業(ye)實現增加(jia)值(zhi)(zhi)89949.3億(yi)(yi)元，比(bi)(bi)上(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)增長3.8%，增速低于國內生產(chan)(chan)(chan)總(zong)值(zhi)(zhi)1.2個百分點。自(zi)2015年(nian)(nian)以來(lai)，建(jian)筑業(ye)增加(jia)值(zhi)(zhi)占(zhan)國內生產(chan)(chan)(chan)總(zong)值(zhi)(zhi)的比(bi)(bi)例(li)始(shi)終保持在(zai)6.60%以上(shang)(shang)。2024年(nian)(nian)為(wei)6.67%，建(jian)筑業(ye)國民經濟支(zhi)柱產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)的地位(wei)穩固。
第(di)二，建(jian)筑(zhu)業(ye)總產(chan)值(zhi)(zhi)持續增長，竣工(gong)產(chan)值(zhi)(zhi)減(jian)少，在外(wai)省完成(cheng)產(chan)值(zhi)(zhi)上(shang)(shang)升(sheng)。2015年(nian)(nian)以(yi)來，隨(sui)著(zhu)我國建(jian)筑(zhu)業(ye)企(qi)業(ye)生(sheng)產(chan)和(he)經營規(gui)模的不(bu)斷擴大，建(jian)筑(zhu)業(ye)總產(chan)值(zhi)(zhi)持續增長，2024年(nian)(nian)達到326501.11億元，比上(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)增長3.85%。增速較上(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)降(jiang)低1.41個百分點，增速連續3年(nian)(nian)下降(jiang)。
2024年，建筑業竣工產(chan)(chan)值(zhi)為(wei)135238.80億元，比(bi)上年減少1.65%，十年中繼2020年后第二次出現負(fu)增(zeng)(zeng)長；2015年以來，建筑業在外省完成產(chan)(chan)值(zhi)與(yu)建筑業總產(chan)(chan)值(zhi)保持同步增(zeng)(zeng)長，2024年達到(dao)111292.73億元，比(bi)上年增(zeng)(zeng)長3.67%；建筑業企業外向度在33%至35%之間(jian)波動，2024年為(wei)34.09%。
第三，建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)業(ye)直(zhi)接從事生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)經(jing)營(ying)活(huo)動(dong)的(de)平(ping)均(jun)人(ren)(ren)數(shu)大幅(fu)減(jian)少，企業(ye)數(shu)量持續增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)，勞動(dong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)率大幅(fu)提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)。2024年(nian)(nian)，建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)業(ye)直(zhi)接從事生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)經(jing)營(ying)活(huo)動(dong)的(de)平(ping)均(jun)人(ren)(ren)數(shu)為5962.07萬(wan)人(ren)(ren)，比(bi)上(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)末減(jian)少833.21萬(wan)人(ren)(ren)，降幅(fu)高(gao)(gao)達12.26%。截(jie)至2024年(nian)(nian)底，全(quan)國(guo)共有建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)業(ye)企業(ye)168011個(ge)(ge)，比(bi)上(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)8871個(ge)(ge)，增(zeng)(zeng)長5.57%。國(guo)有及國(guo)有控(kong)股建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)業(ye)企業(ye)10924個(ge)(ge)，比(bi)上(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)864個(ge)(ge)，占建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)業(ye)企業(ye)總數(shu)的(de)6.50%，比(bi)上(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)0.18個(ge)(ge)百分點(dian)。2024年(nian)(nian)，按建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)業(ye)總產(chan)值(zhi)計算(suan)的(de)勞動(dong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)率達到547630元(yuan)/人(ren)(ren)，比(bi)上(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)大幅(fu)提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)15.15%。
第四，建筑(zhu)(zhu)業企業利潤(run)總額(e)、產(chan)(chan)(chan)值利潤(run)率(lv)雙(shuang)雙(shuang)下(xia)(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)。2024年(nian)，全國(guo)(guo)建筑(zhu)(zhu)業企業實現利潤(run)7513億元(yuan)，比上(shang)年(nian)下(xia)(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)9.8%，其中國(guo)(guo)有控股企業利潤(run)3669億元(yuan)，下(xia)(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)8.7%。近(jin)十年(nian)建筑(zhu)(zhu)業產(chan)(chan)(chan)值利潤(run)率(lv)（利潤(run)總額(e)與總產(chan)(chan)(chan)值之比）總體呈(cheng)下(xia)(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)趨勢。2024年(nian)，建筑(zhu)(zhu)業產(chan)(chan)(chan)值利潤(run)率(lv)為2.30%，比上(shang)年(nian)降(jiang)(jiang)低了(le)0.43個百分(fen)點，連續(xu)三年(nian)低于3%。
第五，建筑業企業簽(qian)(qian)訂合(he)同(tong)(tong)總(zong)額(e)(e)首(shou)次下(xia)降，新簽(qian)(qian)合(he)同(tong)(tong)額(e)(e)占比(bi)減少(shao)。2024年(nian)(nian)(nian)，全國建筑業企業簽(qian)(qian)訂合(he)同(tong)(tong)總(zong)額(e)(e)727219.17億元，比(bi)上年(nian)(nian)(nian)微降0.22%，十年(nian)(nian)(nian)中(zhong)首(shou)次出(chu)現(xian)負增長，增速比(bi)上年(nian)(nian)(nian)降低3.57個百(bai)分(fen)點，增速連續三(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)下(xia)降。其中(zhong)，本年(nian)(nian)(nian)新簽(qian)(qian)合(he)同(tong)(tong)額(e)(e)337500.52億元，比(bi)上年(nian)(nian)(nian)降低5.29%，連續兩年(nian)(nian)(nian)減少(shao)，增速比(bi)上年(nian)(nian)(nian)降低4.46個百(bai)分(fen)點，增速連續三(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)下(xia)降。本年(nian)(nian)(nian)新簽(qian)(qian)合(he)同(tong)(tong)額(e)(e)占簽(qian)(qian)訂合(he)同(tong)(tong)總(zong)額(e)(e)比(bi)例為46.41%，比(bi)上年(nian)(nian)(nian)下(xia)降了2.72個百(bai)分(fen)點，連續四年(nian)(nian)(nian)下(xia)降。
第六，房(fang)(fang)(fang)屋(wu)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、竣(jun)(jun)(jun)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)大幅減少(shao)(shao)，住(zhu)宅竣(jun)(jun)(jun)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)占(zhan)(zhan)房(fang)(fang)(fang)屋(wu)竣(jun)(jun)(jun)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)不足六成。2024年，全國(guo)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)房(fang)(fang)(fang)屋(wu)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)136.83億平方米(mi)(mi)，比(bi)(bi)上(shang)(shang)年減少(shao)(shao)10.62%。房(fang)(fang)(fang)屋(wu)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)竣(jun)(jun)(jun)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)34.37億平方米(mi)(mi)，比(bi)(bi)上(shang)(shang)年減少(shao)(shao)12.63%。房(fang)(fang)(fang)屋(wu)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、竣(jun)(jun)(jun)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)連續三年下降(jiang)。從全國(guo)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)房(fang)(fang)(fang)屋(wu)竣(jun)(jun)(jun)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)構成情況看，住(zhu)宅竣(jun)(jun)(jun)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)占(zhan)(zhan)最大比(bi)(bi)重，為58.89%；廠房(fang)(fang)(fang)及建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)物竣(jun)(jun)(jun)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)占(zhan)(zhan)20.10%；商業(ye)(ye)(ye)及服務用房(fang)(fang)(fang)竣(jun)(jun)(jun)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)占(zhan)(zhan)6.31%；科研(yan)、教育(yu)和(he)醫療(liao)用房(fang)(fang)(fang)屋(wu)竣(jun)(jun)(jun)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)占(zhan)(zhan)5.56%；其他種類房(fang)(fang)(fang)屋(wu)竣(jun)(jun)(jun)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)占(zhan)(zhan)比(bi)(bi)均(jun)在5%以下。
第七，對外(wai)(wai)承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)工程(cheng)完(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)營業(ye)額(e)、新(xin)(xin)簽(qian)(qian)合同額(e)保(bao)持(chi)增(zeng)(zeng)長。2024年，我(wo)國對外(wai)(wai)承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)工程(cheng)業(ye)務(wu)完(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)營業(ye)額(e)1659.70億美元，比上年增(zeng)(zeng)長3.14%；新(xin)(xin)簽(qian)(qian)合同額(e)2673.00億美元，比上年增(zeng)(zeng)長1.05%。對外(wai)(wai)承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)工程(cheng)完(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)營業(ye)額(e)連續兩年、新(xin)(xin)簽(qian)(qian)合同額(e)連續三年保(bao)持(chi)增(zeng)(zeng)長。2024年，我(wo)國企業(ye)共(gong)向境外(wai)(wai)派出(chu)各類勞務(wu)人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)40.9萬(wan)人(ren)，比上年增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)6.2萬(wan)人(ren)；其(qi)中(zhong)承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)工程(cheng)項下派出(chu)15.3萬(wan)人(ren)，勞務(wu)合作項下派出(chu)25.6萬(wan)人(ren)。年末在外(wai)(wai)各類勞務(wu)人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)59.4萬(wan)人(ren)。
此外，分析(xi)報告顯示，2024年(nian)各地(di)區建筑(zhu)業(ye)發(fa)展情況呈(cheng)現(xian)八大特點。第(di)(di)(di)一(yi)，江(jiang)蘇建筑(zhu)業(ye)總(zong)產(chan)值(zhi)以絕對優勢領跑(pao)全(quan)國，西藏、海南、內蒙古增(zeng)(zeng)速較快。第(di)(di)(di)二(er)，江(jiang)蘇建筑(zhu)業(ye)竣(jun)工(gong)(gong)產(chan)值(zhi)繼續(xu)保(bao)(bao)持較大優勢，17個(ge)(ge)地(di)區建筑(zhu)業(ye)竣(jun)工(gong)(gong)產(chan)值(zhi)出現(xian)負(fu)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)。第(di)(di)(di)三，23個(ge)(ge)地(di)區在外省完成產(chan)值(zhi)保(bao)(bao)持增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)，云南、浙江(jiang)增(zeng)(zeng)速超(chao)過(guo)15%。第(di)(di)(di)四(si)，廣東簽訂(ding)合同(tong)(tong)總(zong)額(e)(e)繼續(xu)名列榜首，13個(ge)(ge)地(di)區出現(xian)負(fu)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)。第(di)(di)(di)五，江(jiang)蘇新(xin)簽合同(tong)(tong)額(e)(e)超(chao)過(guo)3.8萬億元，19個(ge)(ge)地(di)區出現(xian)負(fu)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)。第(di)(di)(di)六，六省建筑(zhu)業(ye)企業(ye)數(shu)量超(chao)過(guo)1萬家，北京(jing)、吉林(lin)出現(xian)負(fu)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)。第(di)(di)(di)七，30個(ge)(ge)地(di)區直接從事生產(chan)經營活(huo)動(dong)平均人數(shu)減少，湖北勞動(dong)生產(chan)率居(ju)首位。第(di)(di)(di)八，天津、湖南房屋建筑(zhu)施工(gong)(gong)面積增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)，福(fu)建、海南房屋建筑(zhu)竣(jun)工(gong)(gong)面積增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)。 （本(ben)報綜合報道）
