習近平總書記在文化傳承發展座談會上的講話中指出，“‘兩個結合’是(shi)我們(men)取得成功的最大(da)法寶”。這一重要論斷具(ju)有深刻的(de)歷(li)史邏輯和理論邏輯，可從以下幾(ji)方面(mian)進行科學理解。
從歷(li)史經(jing)驗(yan)看，中(zhong)(zhong)國共(gong)產黨之(zhi)(zhi)所以能(neng)夠領(ling)導人民在一(yi)次次求索(suo)、一(yi)次次挫折(zhe)、一(yi)次次開拓中(zhong)(zhong)完(wan)成(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)國其他各種政(zheng)治力量不可能(neng)完(wan)成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)艱巨任(ren)務，根(gen)本(ben)(ben)就(jiu)在于(yu)堅持(chi)把(ba)馬克(ke)(ke)(ke)思主(zhu)義(yi)基本(ben)(ben)原理(li)同中(zhong)(zhong)國具(ju)體(ti)實際(ji)相(xiang)(xiang)結(jie)(jie)合(he)、同中(zhong)(zhong)華優秀傳統(tong)(tong)文(wen)化相(xiang)(xiang)結(jie)(jie)合(he)。正反兩方面經(jing)驗(yan)表明(ming)，能(neng)否做到“兩個(ge)結(jie)(jie)合(he)”關系到黨的(de)(de)(de)事業(ye)興衰成(cheng)敗。遵義(yi)會(hui)(hui)議之(zhi)(zhi)后，中(zhong)(zhong)國共(gong)產黨獨立自主(zhu)解決中(zhong)(zhong)國革命的(de)(de)(de)重大問題，將學習研究馬克(ke)(ke)(ke)思主(zhu)義(yi)理(li)論、中(zhong)(zhong)華民族(zu)的(de)(de)(de)歷(li)史文(wen)化、中(zhong)(zhong)國革命的(de)(de)(de)現(xian)狀統(tong)(tong)一(yi)起來(lai)，奪得(de)了(le)抗日戰(zhan)爭和解放(fang)戰(zhan)爭的(de)(de)(de)勝(sheng)利。改革開放(fang)新時期，建設有(you)中(zhong)(zhong)國特色的(de)(de)(de)社(she)會(hui)(hui)主(zhu)義(yi)，就(jiu)是強調把(ba)馬克(ke)(ke)(ke)思主(zhu)義(yi)的(de)(de)(de)普遍真理(li)同我國的(de)(de)(de)具(ju)體(ti)實際(ji)結(jie)(jie)合(he)起來(lai)，走(zou)自己的(de)(de)(de)道路。小康社(she)會(hui)(hui)是中(zhong)(zhong)華民族(zu)自古以來(lai)追求的(de)(de)(de)理(li)想社(she)會(hui)(hui)狀態(tai)。使用(yong)“小康”這個(ge)概念來(lai)確立中(zhong)(zhong)國的(de)(de)(de)發展目(mu)標，也(ye)體(ti)現(xian)了(le)堅持(chi)把(ba)馬克(ke)(ke)(ke)思主(zhu)義(yi)基本(ben)(ben)原理(li)同中(zhong)(zhong)華優秀傳統(tong)(tong)文(wen)化相(xiang)(xiang)結(jie)(jie)合(he)。堅持(chi)“兩個(ge)結(jie)(jie)合(he)”，正是改革開放(fang)取得(de)成(cheng)功的(de)(de)(de)重要原因。
從新時代(dai)黨的(de)(de)理(li)論創新看，以(yi)(yi)(yi)習近(jin)平(ping)(ping)同志為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)代(dai)表的(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)共產黨人堅持(chi)把馬(ma)克(ke)思(si)(si)主(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)(yi)基本原理(li)同中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)具體實(shi)際(ji)相結合、同中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華優(you)秀傳(chuan)(chuan)統文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)相結合，創立(li)了習近(jin)平(ping)(ping)新時代(dai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)特(te)(te)色社會(hui)主(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)(yi)思(si)(si)想(xiang)。這(zhe)一重要(yao)思(si)(si)想(xiang)，是當(dang)代(dai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)馬(ma)克(ke)思(si)(si)主(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)(yi)、21世紀馬(ma)克(ke)思(si)(si)主(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)(yi)，是中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)和(he)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)精(jing)神的(de)(de)時代(dai)精(jing)華。《習近(jin)平(ping)(ping)談治(zhi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)理(li)政(zheng)》第一至四(si)卷，既有(you)深刻的(de)(de)馬(ma)克(ke)思(si)(si)主(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)(yi)理(li)論意蘊(yun)，又有(you)豐(feng)富(fu)的(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華優(you)秀傳(chuan)(chuan)統文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)內(nei)涵。可以(yi)(yi)(yi)說(shuo)，“治(zhi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)理(li)政(zheng)”就從中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華優(you)秀傳(chuan)(chuan)統文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)基因上(shang)反(fan)映著中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)特(te)(te)色。回望中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華文(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)歷史，經史子集中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)議論的(de)(de)一個(ge)重要(yao)問(wen)題就是治(zhi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)理(li)政(zheng)。例(li)如(ru)(ru)《論語》中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)“為(wei)政(zheng)以(yi)(yi)(yi)德，譬如(ru)(ru)北辰，居其所而(er)眾星共之(zhi)”“道(dao)之(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)政(zheng)，齊(qi)之(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)刑，民免而(er)無恥”等。習近(jin)平(ping)(ping)總書記(ji)說(shuo)過，如(ru)(ru)果沒有(you)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華五千年文(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)，哪(na)里有(you)什么中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)特(te)(te)色？如(ru)(ru)果不是中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)特(te)(te)色，哪(na)有(you)我(wo)們今天(tian)這(zhe)么成(cheng)功的(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)特(te)(te)色社會(hui)主(zhu)(zhu)義(yi)(yi)道(dao)路(lu)？只有(you)立(li)足(zu)波瀾壯闊的(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華五千多(duo)年文(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)史，才能真正理(li)解中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)道(dao)路(lu)的(de)(de)歷史必然、文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)內(nei)涵與獨特(te)(te)優(you)勢(shi)。
從(cong)科學方(fang)法論(lun)看(kan)，“六個必(bi)須(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)堅(jian)(jian)(jian)持(chi)”從(cong)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)方(fang)面(mian)體(ti)現(xian)(xian)(xian)了(le)(le)(le)“兩(liang)個結(jie)合(he)”。“必(bi)須(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)堅(jian)(jian)(jian)持(chi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)至上”體(ti)現(xian)(xian)(xian)了(le)(le)(le)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)歷(li)史(shi)(shi)創造者的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)唯(wei)(wei)物(wu)(wu)史(shi)(shi)觀(guan)同(tong)(tong)(tong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)(hua)(hua)優(you)(you)秀(xiu)傳統(tong)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)“民(min)(min)(min)為(wei)(wei)邦本(ben)(ben)”價(jia)值觀(guan)念(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)結(jie)合(he)。習(xi)近平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)總(zong)(zong)書(shu)記強調(diao)(diao)，“人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)對美(mei)好生(sheng)活的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)向往，就是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)我(wo)(wo)們的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)奮(fen)斗目標(biao)”“江山(shan)就是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)，人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)就是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)江山(shan)，打江山(shan)、守(shou)江山(shan)，守(shou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)心”。“必(bi)須(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)堅(jian)(jian)(jian)持(chi)自(zi)信自(zi)立”體(ti)現(xian)(xian)(xian)了(le)(le)(le)唯(wei)(wei)物(wu)(wu)辯(bian)證法關(guan)(guan)于(yu)內(nei)因和(he)(he)(he)(he)外(wai)因的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)辯(bian)證關(guan)(guan)系的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原理(li)同(tong)(tong)(tong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)(hua)(hua)優(you)(you)秀(xiu)傳統(tong)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)“自(zi)強不(bu)(bu)息”價(jia)值觀(guan)念(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)結(jie)合(he)。習(xi)近平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)總(zong)(zong)書(shu)記指(zhi)(zhi)出(chu)(chu)，“黨的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)百年奮(fen)斗成功(gong)道(dao)路是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)黨領導(dao)(dao)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)獨立自(zi)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)探(tan)索開辟出(chu)(chu)來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，馬(ma)克思(si)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)義的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)篇章(zhang)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)共(gong)(gong)產(chan)黨人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)依靠自(zi)身(shen)力量實踐出(chu)(chu)來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，貫穿其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)個基(ji)(ji)本(ben)(ben)點(dian)就是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)必(bi)須(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)從(cong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)基(ji)(ji)本(ben)(ben)國(guo)(guo)(guo)情出(chu)(chu)發，由(you)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)自(zi)己來解答”。我(wo)(wo)們要堅(jian)(jian)(jian)持(chi)對馬(ma)克思(si)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)義的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)堅(jian)(jian)(jian)定(ding)(ding)(ding)信仰、對中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)特色社會主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)義的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)堅(jian)(jian)(jian)定(ding)(ding)(ding)信念(nian)(nian)，堅(jian)(jian)(jian)定(ding)(ding)(ding)道(dao)路自(zi)信、理(li)論(lun)自(zi)信、制(zhi)度自(zi)信、文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)自(zi)信。“必(bi)須(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)堅(jian)(jian)(jian)持(chi)守(shou)正(zheng)創新(xin)(xin)”和(he)(he)(he)(he)“必(bi)須(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)堅(jian)(jian)(jian)持(chi)問(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)導(dao)(dao)向”體(ti)現(xian)(xian)(xian)了(le)(le)(le)辯(bian)證唯(wei)(wei)物(wu)(wu)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)義認(ren)識論(lun)實踐第一(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)觀(guan)點(dian)同(tong)(tong)(tong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)(hua)(hua)優(you)(you)秀(xiu)傳統(tong)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)“知行合(he)一(yi)(yi)”思(si)想的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)結(jie)合(he)。習(xi)近平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)總(zong)(zong)書(shu)記多(duo)次強調(diao)(diao)“擼(lu)起袖子加油干(gan)”。一(yi)(yi)切成功(gong)都(dou)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)實踐中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、奮(fen)斗中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)干(gan)出(chu)(chu)來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。這個干(gan)，不(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)觀(guan)蠻干(gan)，而是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)堅(jian)(jian)(jian)持(chi)守(shou)正(zheng)創新(xin)(xin)、堅(jian)(jian)(jian)持(chi)問(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)導(dao)(dao)向地干(gan)。習(xi)近平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)總(zong)(zong)書(shu)記指(zhi)(zhi)出(chu)(chu)，“我(wo)(wo)們從(cong)事(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)前(qian)無古人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)偉大(da)事(shi)(shi)業，守(shou)正(zheng)才(cai)能不(bu)(bu)迷失方(fang)向、不(bu)(bu)犯顛覆性錯誤(wu)，創新(xin)(xin)才(cai)能把握時代(dai)(dai)(dai)、引領時代(dai)(dai)(dai)”“問(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)時代(dai)(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)聲音，回答并指(zhi)(zhi)導(dao)(dao)解決問(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)理(li)論(lun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)根(gen)本(ben)(ben)任(ren)務”。“必(bi)須(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)堅(jian)(jian)(jian)持(chi)系統(tong)觀(guan)念(nian)(nian)”體(ti)現(xian)(xian)(xian)了(le)(le)(le)唯(wei)(wei)物(wu)(wu)辯(bian)證法關(guan)(guan)于(yu)堅(jian)(jian)(jian)持(chi)普遍聯系的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)、全(quan)面(mian)系統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)、發展變(bian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)觀(guan)點(dian)同(tong)(tong)(tong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)(hua)(hua)優(you)(you)秀(xiu)傳統(tong)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)“不(bu)(bu)謀全(quan)局(ju)者，不(bu)(bu)足謀一(yi)(yi)域”等(deng)系統(tong)觀(guan)念(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)結(jie)合(he)。我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)個發展中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)大(da)國(guo)(guo)(guo)，仍處于(yu)社會主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)義初級(ji)階段，正(zheng)在(zai)(zai)經(jing)歷(li)廣泛(fan)而深刻的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)社會變(bian)革(ge)，推進(jin)改革(ge)發展、調(diao)(diao)整利益關(guan)(guan)系往往牽一(yi)(yi)發而動全(quan)身(shen)。習(xi)近平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)總(zong)(zong)書(shu)記指(zhi)(zhi)出(chu)(chu)，“我(wo)(wo)們要善(shan)于(yu)通過歷(li)史(shi)(shi)看(kan)現(xian)(xian)(xian)實、透過現(xian)(xian)(xian)象(xiang)看(kan)本(ben)(ben)質，把握好全(quan)局(ju)和(he)(he)(he)(he)局(ju)部、當前(qian)和(he)(he)(he)(he)長遠(yuan)、宏觀(guan)和(he)(he)(he)(he)微觀(guan)、主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要矛盾(dun)和(he)(he)(he)(he)次要矛盾(dun)、特殊和(he)(he)(he)(he)一(yi)(yi)般的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)(guan)系”。“必(bi)須(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)堅(jian)(jian)(jian)持(chi)胸懷(huai)天下”體(ti)現(xian)(xian)(xian)了(le)(le)(le)馬(ma)克思(si)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)義站在(zai)(zai)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)立場探(tan)求人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類自(zi)由(you)解放與中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)(hua)(hua)優(you)(you)秀(xiu)傳統(tong)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)蘊含的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“天下為(wei)(wei)公(gong)”博大(da)胸懷(huai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)結(jie)合(he)。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)共(gong)(gong)產(chan)黨是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)謀幸福、為(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)(hua)(hua)民(min)(min)(min)族(zu)謀復興的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)黨，也是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類謀進(jin)步、為(wei)(wei)世界(jie)(jie)謀大(da)同(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)黨。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)式現(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)走和(he)(he)(he)(he)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)發展道(dao)路的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)，既造福中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)，又促進(jin)世界(jie)(jie)各國(guo)(guo)(guo)現(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)。我(wo)(wo)們將堅(jian)(jian)(jian)定(ding)(ding)(ding)站在(zai)(zai)歷(li)史(shi)(shi)正(zheng)確的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)邊、站在(zai)(zai)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明進(jin)步的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)邊，推動構建(jian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)類命運共(gong)(gong)同(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti)，建(jian)設(she)更加美(mei)好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)世界(jie)(jie)。
（執筆：曹應(ying)旺）
